वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-28

तद्भवन्तः क्षताः शस्त्रैर्नृपैरिन्द्रसमैर्युधि ।
चन्दनस्य रसेनेव रुधिरेण समुक्षिताः ॥२८॥

28. tadbhavantaḥ kṣatāḥ śastrairnṛpairindrasamairyudhi ,
candanasya raseneva rudhireṇa samukṣitāḥ.

28. tat bhavantaḥ kṣatāḥ śastraiḥ nṛpaiḥ indrasamaiḥ
yudhi candanasya rasena iva rudhireṇa samukṣitāḥ

28. tat yudhi indrasamaiḥ nṛpaiḥ śastraiḥ kṣatāḥ
bhavantaḥ rudhireṇa candanasya rasena iva samukṣitāḥ

28. Therefore, you, wounded by weapons from kings who are like Indra in battle, are sprinkled with blood as if with sandalwood paste.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - Therefore (that, therefore, so)

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (addressing multiple people respectfully) (you (plural, honorific), respected sirs)

• क्षताः (kṣatāḥ) - wounded (by weapons) (wounded, injured)

• शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons (in battle) (by weapons, by instruments)

• नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - by kings (by kings, by rulers)

• इन्द्रसमैः (indrasamaiḥ) - by kings who are equal to Indra (by those equal to Indra)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• चन्दनस्य (candanasya) - of sandalwood

• रसेन (rasena) - by the juice (of sandalwood) (by juice, by essence, by fluid)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• रुधिरेण (rudhireṇa) - by blood

• समुक्षिताः (samukṣitāḥ) - sprinkled (with blood) (sprinkled, moistened, bedewed)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - Therefore (that, therefore, so)

(indeclinable)

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (addressing multiple people respectfully) (you (plural, honorific), respected sirs)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, respected sir

present participle of bhū (to be), used as an honorific pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used here as an honorific pronoun.

क्षताः (kṣatāḥ) - wounded (by weapons) (wounded, injured)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣata

kṣata - wounded, injured, harmed

Past Passive Participle

from root kṣaṇ (to hurt, injure)

Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `bhavantaḥ`.

शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons (in battle) (by weapons, by instruments)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument, tool

नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - by kings (by kings, by rulers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

from nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from pā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

इन्द्रसमैः (indrasamaiḥ) - by kings who are equal to Indra (by those equal to Indra)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of indrasama

indrasama - equal to Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+sama)

• indra – Indra (name of a Vedic deity, king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar, same
  adjective

Note: Adjective agreeing with `nṛpaiḥ`.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

चन्दनस्य (candanasya) - of sandalwood

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of candana

candana - sandalwood

रसेन (rasena) - by the juice (of sandalwood) (by juice, by essence, by fluid)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, fluid, essence, taste, aesthetic sentiment

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

रुधिरेण (rudhireṇa) - by blood

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood

समुक्षिताः (samukṣitāḥ) - sprinkled (with blood) (sprinkled, moistened, bedewed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samukṣita

samukṣita - sprinkled, moistened, bedewed

Past Passive Participle

from root ukṣ (to sprinkle) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `bhavantaḥ`.