वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-27

इयं चापि सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा नर्मदा नर्म वर्धिनी ।
लीनमीनविहंगोर्मिः सभयेवाङ्गना स्थिता ॥२७॥

27. iyaṃ cāpi saricchreṣṭhā narmadā narma vardhinī ,
līnamīnavihaṃgormiḥ sabhayevāṅganā sthitā.

27. iyam ca api saricchreṣṭhā narmadā narma vardhinī
līnamīnavihagaūrmiḥ sabhayā iva aṅganā sthitā

27. ca api iyam saricchreṣṭhā narmadā narma vardhinī
līnamīnavihagaūrmiḥ sabhayā aṅganā iva sthitā

27. And this Narmada, the foremost of rivers, which enhances delight, has its fish and birds lying low within its waves, and stands as if it were a frightened woman.

Words meanings summery:

• इयम् (iyam) - this (river) (this, she)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा (saricchreṣṭhā) - the foremost of rivers (best of rivers, foremost river)

• नर्मदा (narmadā) - the Narmada (river) (Narmada (river))

• नर्म (narma) - delight (joy, sport, pleasure)

• वर्धिनी (vardhinī) - enhancing (increasing, enhancing, growing)

• लीनमीनविहगऊर्मिः (līnamīnavihagaūrmiḥ) - with its fish and birds lying low within its waves (whose waves have hidden fish and birds)

• सभया (sabhayā) - frightened (frightened, fearful)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if)

• अङ्गना (aṅganā) - a woman (woman, lady)

• स्थिता (sthitā) - stands (is situated) (stood, standing, situated, existing)

Words meanings and morphology

इयम् (iyam) - this (river) (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject of sthitā

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा (saricchreṣṭhā) - the foremost of rivers (best of rivers, foremost river)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saricchreṣṭha

saricchreṣṭha - best of rivers

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarit+śreṣṭha)

• sarit – river, stream
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative degree of praśasya

Note: Qualifies narmadā

नर्मदा (narmadā) - the Narmada (river) (Narmada (river))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of narmadā

narmadā - Narmada (proper name of a river)

Root: nṛm (class 1)

Note: Subject

नर्म (narma) - delight (joy, sport, pleasure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of narma

narma - joy, sport, pleasure, jest

Root: nṛm (class 1)

Note: Object of vardhinī

वर्धिनी (vardhinī) - enhancing (increasing, enhancing, growing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vardhin

vardhin - increasing, growing, causing to grow

agent noun/adjective

Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow) in causative

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies narmadā

लीनमीनविहगऊर्मिः (līnamīnavihagaūrmiḥ) - with its fish and birds lying low within its waves (whose waves have hidden fish and birds)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of līnamīnavihagaūrmi

līnamīnavihagaūrmi - whose waves have hidden fish and birds

Bahuvrihi compound describing the Narmada

Compound type : bahuvrihi (līna+mīna+vihaṅga+ūrmi)

• līna – hidden, submerged, clinging
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'lī'
  Root: lī (class 4)
• mīna – fish
  noun (masculine)
• vihaṅga – bird
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• ūrmi – wave, billow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies narmadā

सभया (sabhayā) - frightened (frightened, fearful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sabhaya

sabhaya - with fear, frightened, timid

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bhaya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies aṅganā

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison

अङ्गना (aṅganā) - a woman (woman, lady)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aṅganā

aṅganā - woman, lady, female

Note: Compared to the river Narmada

स्थिता (sthitā) - stands (is situated) (stood, standing, situated, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated (past passive participle)

past passive participle

Derived from root 'sthā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb equivalent for iyam Narmadā