वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-14

सहस्रशिखरोपेतं सिंहाध्युषितकन्दरम् ।
प्रपात पतितैः शीतैः साट्टहासमिवाम्बुभिः ॥१४॥

14. sahasraśikharopetaṃ siṃhādhyuṣitakandaram ,
prapāta patitaiḥ śītaiḥ sāṭṭahāsamivāmbubhiḥ.

14. sahasraśikharopetam siṃhādhyuṣitakandaram
prapāta patitaiḥ śītaiḥ saāṭṭahāsam iva ambubhiḥ

14. sahasraśikharopetam siṃhādhyuṣitakandaram
prapāta patitaiḥ śītaiḥ ambubhiḥ saāṭṭahāsam iva

14. (He saw the Vindhya mountain) endowed with a thousand peaks, having caves inhabited by lions, and with cold waters falling from its waterfalls, as if laughing loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• सहस्रशिखरोपेतम् (sahasraśikharopetam) - endowed with a thousand peaks

• सिंहाध्युषितकन्दरम् (siṁhādhyuṣitakandaram) - having caves inhabited by lions

• प्रपात (prapāta) - waterfall, cascade

• पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - fallen from the waterfalls (fallen)

• शीतैः (śītaiḥ) - cold

• सआट्टहासम् (saāṭṭahāsam) - the roaring sound of the waterfalls, likened to laughter (with loud laughter, roaring)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अम्बुभिः (ambubhiḥ) - by waters

Words meanings and morphology

सहस्रशिखरोपेतम् (sahasraśikharopetam) - endowed with a thousand peaks

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahasraśikharopeta

sahasraśikharopeta - having a thousand peaks

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+śikhara+upeta)

• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• śikhara – peak, summit
  noun (neuter)
• upeta – endowed with, furnished with, joined with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefix upa-
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

सिंहाध्युषितकन्दरम् (siṁhādhyuṣitakandaram) - having caves inhabited by lions

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhādhyuṣitakandara

siṁhādhyuṣitakandara - having caves inhabited by lions

Compound type : bahuvrihi (siṃha+adhyuṣita+kandara)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• adhyuṣita – inhabited, dwelt in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vas (to dwell) with prefix adhi-
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: vas (class 1)
• kandara – cave, cavern
  noun (neuter)

प्रपात (prapāta) - waterfall, cascade

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prapāta

prapāta - waterfall, precipice, falling down

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used here as part of a descriptive phrase indicating the source of the falling waters.

पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - fallen from the waterfalls (fallen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ambubhiḥ'.

शीतैः (śītaiḥ) - cold

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śīta

śīta - cold, cool

Past Passive Participle

From root śyai (to freeze, be cold)

Root: śyai (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ambubhiḥ'.

सआट्टहासम् (saāṭṭahāsam) - the roaring sound of the waterfalls, likened to laughter (with loud laughter, roaring)

(adverb)

Compound type : avyayibhava (sa+aṭṭahāsa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aṭṭahāsa – loud laughter, roar, boisterous mirth
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

अम्बुभिः (ambubhiḥ) - by waters

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ambu

ambu - water