वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-36

पुष्पेषूपहृतेष्वेव रावणो राक्षसेश्वरः ।
अवतीर्णो नदीं स्नातुं गङ्गामिव महागजः ॥३६॥

36. puṣpeṣūpahṛteṣveva rāvaṇo rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
avatīrṇo nadīṃ snātuṃ gaṅgāmiva mahāgajaḥ.

36. puṣpeṣu upahṛteṣu eva rāvaṇaḥ rākṣaseśvaraḥ
avatīrṇaḥ nadīm snātum gaṅgām iva mahāgajaḥ

36. Just as the flowers had been offered, Rāvaṇa, the lord of the rākṣasas, descended into the river to bathe, like a great elephant entering the Gaṅgā.

Words meanings summery:

• पुष्पेषु (puṣpeṣu) - upon the offered flowers (on/among the flowers)

• उपहृतेषु (upahṛteṣu) - upon the (flowers) that had been offered (upon the offered (ones), presented)

• एव (eva) - just, as soon as (just, only, indeed, exactly)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - the king of rākṣasas, Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (name of the Rākṣasa king))

• राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, as the lord of the rākṣasas (lord of rākṣasas, king of demons)

• अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa descended, entered (descended, entered, alighted)

• नदीम् (nadīm) - into the river (to bathe) (into the river)

• स्नातुम् (snātum) - for the purpose of bathing (to bathe, for bathing)

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - into the sacred Gaṅgā river (into the Ganges river)

• इव (iva) - similar to, just as (like, as if, as)

• महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - a huge, powerful elephant (great elephant, mighty elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

पुष्पेषु (puṣpeṣu) - upon the offered flowers (on/among the flowers)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

उपहृतेषु (upahṛteṣu) - upon the (flowers) that had been offered (upon the offered (ones), presented)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of upahṛta

upahṛta - offered, presented, brought near

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛ (to seize, carry) with upasarga upa (near, towards)

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'puṣpeṣu'.

एव (eva) - just, as soon as (just, only, indeed, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the immediacy or completion of the action.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - the king of rākṣasas, Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (name of the Rākṣasa king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, 'roaring')

राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, as the lord of the rākṣasas (lord of rākṣasas, king of demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa descended, entered (descended, entered, alighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, alighted, entered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tṛ (to cross, pass over) with upasarga ava (down, off)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective describing Rāvaṇa.

नदीम् (nadīm) - into the river (to bathe) (into the river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Object of the action 'descended into'.

स्नातुम् (snātum) - for the purpose of bathing (to bathe, for bathing)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root snā

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Expresses purpose.

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - into the sacred Gaṅgā river (into the Ganges river)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Ganges

Note: Used in comparison with 'nadīm'.

इव (iva) - similar to, just as (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - a huge, powerful elephant (great elephant, mighty elephant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - great elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+gaja)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the comparison.