वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-25

एष रश्मिसहस्रेण जगत् कृत्वेव काञ्चनम् ।
तीक्ष्णतापकरः सूर्यो नभसो मध्यमास्थितः ।
मामासीनं विदित्वेह चन्द्रायाति दिवाकरः ॥२५॥

25. eṣa raśmisahasreṇa jagat kṛtveva kāñcanam ,
tīkṣṇatāpakaraḥ sūryo nabhaso madhyamāsthitaḥ ,
māmāsīnaṃ viditveha candrāyāti divākaraḥ.

25. eṣaḥ raśmisahasreṇa jagat kṛtvā iva
kāñcanam tīkṣṇatāpakaraḥ sūryaḥ
nabhasaḥ madhyamāsthitaḥ mām āsīnam
viditvā iha candrāyati divākaraḥ

25. eṣaḥ sūryaḥ tīkṣṇatāpakaraḥ
raśmisahasreṇa jagat kāñcanam iva kṛtvā
nabhasaḥ madhyamāsthitaḥ iha mām
āsīnam viditvā divākaraḥ candrāyati

25. This sun, which makes the world appear golden with its thousand rays and causes intense heat, is now positioned in the middle of the sky. Yet, knowing that I am seated here, the sun (divākara) behaves like the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the sun) (this, he)

• रश्मिसहस्रेण (raśmisahasreṇa) - with its thousand rays (with a thousand rays)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having made, having done)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if)

• काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden (golden, made of gold, gold)

• तीक्ष्णतापकरः (tīkṣṇatāpakaraḥ) - causing intense heat (causing intense heat, producing sharp heat)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

• नभसः (nabhasaḥ) - from the sky (of the sky, from the sky)

• मध्यमास्थितः (madhyamāsthitaḥ) - positioned in the middle (situated in the middle, standing in the center)

• माम् (mām) - me

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

• चन्द्रायति (candrāyati) - behaves like the moon (behaves like the moon, acts as the moon)

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (sun, day-maker)

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the sun) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject of candrāyati implicitly; refers to sūryaḥ

रश्मिसहस्रेण (raśmisahasreṇa) - with its thousand rays (with a thousand rays)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of raśmisahasra

raśmisahasra - thousand rays

Compound type : tatpurusha (raśmi+sahasra)

• raśmi – ray, cord
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument by which the world is made golden

जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe

present active participle

Derived from root 'gam'

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of kṛtvā

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having made, having done)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'kṛ'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Gerund (absolutive) indicating prior action

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison

काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden (golden, made of gold, gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold, gold (noun)

Note: Predicate adjective for jagat

तीक्ष्णतापकरः (tīkṣṇatāpakaraḥ) - causing intense heat (causing intense heat, producing sharp heat)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇatāpakara

tīkṣṇatāpakara - causing intense heat

Compound type : tatpurusha (tīkṣṇatāpa+kara)

• tīkṣṇatāpa – intense heat, sharp heat
  noun (masculine)
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Epithet for sūryaḥ

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun

Note: Subject (nominative)

नभसः (nabhasaḥ) - from the sky (of the sky, from the sky)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, cloud

Note: Relates to madhyamāsthitaḥ

मध्यमास्थितः (madhyamāsthitaḥ) - positioned in the middle (situated in the middle, standing in the center)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyamāsthita

madhyamāsthita - situated in the middle

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhyama+sthita)

• madhyama – middle, central
  adjective (masculine)
• sthita – stood, standing, situated (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'sthā'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Epithet for sūryaḥ

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of viditvā, refers to Rāvaṇa

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

past active participle

Derived from root 'ās'

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Qualifies mām

विदित्वा (viditvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'vid'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Gerund (absolutive)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रायति (candrāyati) - behaves like the moon (behaves like the moon, acts as the moon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of candra

denominative verb, present active 3rd singular

Denominative verb formed from 'candra' (moon) meaning 'to act like the moon'

Note: Denominative verb

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (sun, day-maker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound type : tatpurusha (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
  Root: div (class 1)
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of candrāyati