वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-22

पुष्पकादवरुह्याशु नर्मदां सरितां वराम् ।
इष्टामिव वरां नारीमवगाह्य दशाननः ॥२२॥

22. puṣpakādavaruhyāśu narmadāṃ saritāṃ varām ,
iṣṭāmiva varāṃ nārīmavagāhya daśānanaḥ.

22. puṣpakāt avaruhya āśu narmadām saritām varām
iṣṭām iva varām nārīm avagāhya daśānanaḥ

22. daśānanaḥ puṣpakāt āśu avaruhya saritām
varām narmadām iṣṭām varām nārīm iva avagāhya

22. Daśānana (Rāvaṇa), having quickly descended from the Puṣpaka aircraft, plunged into the Narmada, the best of rivers, as if into a beloved excellent woman.

Words meanings summery:

• पुष्पकात् (puṣpakāt) - from the aerial vehicle named Puṣpaka (from the Puṣpaka (aircraft))

• अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• नर्मदाम् (narmadām) - into the river Narmada (Narmada (river))

• सरिताम् (saritām) - of rivers

• वराम् (varām) - the best (among rivers) (best, excellent)

• इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - a beloved (woman) (desired, beloved)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• वराम् (varām) - an excellent (woman) (excellent, best)

• नारीम् (nārīm) - a woman (woman)

• अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having plunged into

• दशाननः (daśānanaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the ten-headed demon king (Ten-headed one (Rāvaṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

पुष्पकात् (puṣpakāt) - from the aerial vehicle named Puṣpaka (from the Puṣpaka (aircraft))

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of puṣpaka

puṣpaka - a flower; name of Kubera's aerial chariot, later taken by Rāvaṇa

अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √ruh (to ascend, grow) with prefix ava- (to descend).

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

नर्मदाम् (narmadām) - into the river Narmada (Narmada (river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of narmadā

narmadā - name of a sacred river in central India

From root √nṛm (to delight) with suffix -adā (giving), meaning 'Giver of delight'.

Root: nṛm

सरिताम् (saritām) - of rivers

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

From root √sṛ (to flow).

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Narmada as the best among them.

वराम् (varām) - the best (among rivers) (best, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice; boon; husband

From root √vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 9)

इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - a beloved (woman) (desired, beloved)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, beloved, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

From root √iṣ (to desire).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

वराम् (varām) - an excellent (woman) (excellent, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varā

varā - excellent, best; a chosen woman, a bride

From root √vṛ (to choose), specifically in feminine form.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

नारीम् (nārīm) - a woman (woman)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

Note: Object of comparison for the river.

अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having plunged into

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √gāh (to plunge) with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Connects the actions of descending and experiencing joy.

दशाननः (daśānanaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the ten-headed demon king (Ten-headed one (Rāvaṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśānana

daśānana - ten-faced, ten-headed; an epithet of Rāvaṇa

Bahuvrīhi compound: daśa (ten) + ānana (face/head).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (daśa+ānana)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• ānana – face, mouth, head
  noun (neuter)
  From root √an (to breathe) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.