वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-10, verse-5

एवं वर्षसहस्राणि दश तस्यातिचक्रमुः ।
धर्मे प्रयतमानस्य सत्पथे निष्ठितस्य च ॥५॥

5. evaṃ varṣasahasrāṇi daśa tasyāticakramuḥ ,
dharme prayatamānasya satpathe niṣṭhitasya ca.

5. evam varṣasahasrāṇi daśa tasya aticakramuḥ
dharme prayatamānasya satpathe niṣṭhitasya ca

5. tasya dharme prayatamānasya ca satpathe
niṣṭhitasya evaṃ daśa varṣasahasrāṇi aticakramuḥ

5. Thus, ten thousand years passed for him who was striving in his intrinsic nature (dharma) and firmly established on the righteous path.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

• दश (daśa) - ten

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him, to him)

• अतिचक्रमुः (aticakramuḥ) - passed (they passed, they went beyond)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in his intrinsic nature (dharma) (in the natural law, in the duty, in religion, in righteousness)

• प्रयततमानस्य (prayatatamānasya) - of him who was striving (of one striving, of one endeavoring, of one exerting oneself)

• सत्पथे (satpathe) - on the righteous path (on the good path, on the righteous path)

• निष्ठितस्य (niṣṭhitasya) - of him who was firmly established (of one established, of one fixed, of one settled)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Functions as an adjective here, modifying 'varṣasahasrāṇi'.

तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the subject (Vibhīṣaṇa, implied from context).

अतिचक्रमुः (aticakramuḥ) - passed (they passed, they went beyond)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kram

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'varṣasahasrāṇi' (thousands of years). The prefix 'ati-' implies 'beyond' or 'excessively', here simply 'passed'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in his intrinsic nature (dharma) (in the natural law, in the duty, in religion, in righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the individual's inherent duty or characteristic.

प्रयततमानस्य (prayatatamānasya) - of him who was striving (of one striving, of one endeavoring, of one exerting oneself)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prayatatamāna

prayatatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

Derived from verb 'yat' (to strive) with prefix 'pra-' and suffix '-māna'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya'.

सत्पथे (satpathe) - on the righteous path (on the good path, on the righteous path)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of satpatha

satpatha - good path, righteous path, true path

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+patha)

• sat – good, true, existent, righteous
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root 'as' (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)

निष्ठितस्य (niṣṭhitasya) - of him who was firmly established (of one established, of one fixed, of one settled)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of niṣṭhita

niṣṭhita - established, fixed, settled, standing upon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'nis-'.

Prefix: nis

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'prayatatamānasya' and 'niṣṭhitasya'.