मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-70, verse-18
यदस्माभिर्नृणां क्षान्तिर्भुक्ता क्रुध्यन्ति ते तदा ।
भुक्ते दुष्टे स्वभावे च गुणवन्तो भवन्ति च ॥१८॥
भुक्ते दुष्टे स्वभावे च गुणवन्तो भवन्ति च ॥१८॥
18. yadasmābhirnṛṇāṃ kṣāntirbhuktā krudhyanti te tadā .
bhukte duṣṭe svabhāve ca guṇavanto bhavanti ca.
bhukte duṣṭe svabhāve ca guṇavanto bhavanti ca.
18.
yat asmābhiḥ nṛṇām kṣāntiḥ bhuktā krudhyanti te tadā
bhukte duṣṭe svabhāve ca guṇavantaḥ bhavanti ca
bhukte duṣṭe svabhāve ca guṇavantaḥ bhavanti ca
18.
Whenever the forbearance of men is devoured by us, they then become angry. And when a wicked intrinsic nature (svabhāva) is consumed, they become virtuous.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यत् (yat) - when, that (relative pronoun)
- अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us
- नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of humans
- क्षान्तिः (kṣāntiḥ) - patience, forbearance, endurance
- भुक्ता (bhuktā) - consumed, eaten, enjoyed
- क्रुध्यन्ति (krudhyanti) - they become angry, they rage
- ते (te) - they
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- भुक्ते (bhukte) - when consumed, after being consumed
- दुष्टे (duṣṭe) - wicked, evil, corrupted
- स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in the nature, in the intrinsic nature (svabhāva)
- च (ca) - and, also
- गुणवन्तः (guṇavantaḥ) - virtuous, endowed with good qualities
- भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are
- च (ca) - and, also
Words meanings and morphology
यत् (yat) - when, that (relative pronoun)
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts as a conjunction here.
अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us
(pronoun)
Instrumental, plural of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Agent in a passive construction (`bhuktā`).
नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of humans
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ
nṛ - man, person, human being
Note: Possessive, "of men".
क्षान्तिः (kṣāntiḥ) - patience, forbearance, endurance
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣānti
kṣānti - patience, forbearance, endurance, forgiveness
Derived from root kṣam (to endure, be patient).
Root: kṣam (class 1)
Note: Subject of the passive participle `bhuktā`.
भुक्ता (bhuktā) - consumed, eaten, enjoyed
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bhukta
bhukta - eaten, consumed, enjoyed, experienced
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root bhuj (to eat, enjoy).
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Agrees with `kṣāntiḥ` (feminine singular nominative).
क्रुध्यन्ति (krudhyanti) - they become angry, they rage
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of krudh
Present Active
Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. Root krudh (class 4).
Root: krudh (class 4)
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Refers to `nṛṇām` (men).
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
Note: Correlates with `yat`.
भुक्ते (bhukte) - when consumed, after being consumed
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of bhukta
bhukta - eaten, consumed, enjoyed, experienced
Past Passive Participle
Locative singular of Past Passive Participle of root bhuj (to eat, enjoy). Used in locative absolute construction.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `svabhāve`. Agrees with `svabhāve`.
दुष्टे (duṣṭe) - wicked, evil, corrupted
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of duṣṭa
duṣṭa - wicked, evil, corrupted, bad
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root duṣ (to become corrupt, spoil).
Root: duṣ (class 4)
Note: Adjective modifying `svabhāve`.
स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in the nature, in the intrinsic nature (svabhāva)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of svabhāva
svabhāva - one's own nature, intrinsic nature (svabhāva), disposition, character
From sva (own) + bhāva (being, state).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)
- sva – own, self
pronoun - bhāva – being, state, existence, disposition
noun (masculine)
Derived from root bhū (to be).
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction. `svabhāva` can be masculine or neuter. Here it is treated as neuter to agree with `bhukte` and `duṣṭe`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
गुणवन्तः (guṇavantaḥ) - virtuous, endowed with good qualities
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇavat
guṇavat - possessing good qualities, virtuous, meritorious
Possessive adjective formed with suffix -vat.
Note: Predicate adjective with `bhavanti`.
भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of bhū
Present Active
Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. Root bhū (class 1).
Root: bhū (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.