मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-126, verse-35
इह क्तेशो महान्स्वर्गे परमं सुखमक्षयम् ।
तदेतदवबुध्यस्व हित्वा भोगान्नरेश्वर ॥३५॥
तदेतदवबुध्यस्व हित्वा भोगान्नरेश्वर ॥३५॥
35. iha kteśo mahānsvarge paramaṃ sukhamakṣayam .
tadetadavabudhyasva hitvā bhogānnareśvara.
tadetadavabudhyasva hitvā bhogānnareśvara.
35.
iha kleśaḥ mahān svarge paramaṃ sukham akṣayam
tat etat avabudhyasva hitvā bhogān nareśvara
tat etat avabudhyasva hitvā bhogān nareśvara
35.
In this world there is great hardship (kleśa), but in heaven there is supreme, imperishable happiness. Therefore, O King, understand this truth and abandon all worldly enjoyments.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)
- क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - hardship (kleśa) (trouble, distress, suffering, hardship)
- महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)
- स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven
- परमं (paramaṁ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)
- सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, comfort, ease)
- अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable (imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal)
- तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)
- एतत् (etat) - this (truth) (this, this one)
- अवबुध्यस्व (avabudhyasva) - understand (understand, comprehend, perceive)
- हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)
- भोगान् (bhogān) - worldly enjoyments (enjoyments, pleasures, experiences)
- नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O King (O lord of men, O king)
Words meanings and morphology
इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)
(indeclinable)
क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - hardship (kleśa) (trouble, distress, suffering, hardship)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kleśa
kleśa - pain, affliction, distress, suffering, hardship
From root √kliś (to suffer).
Root: kliś (class 4)
महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat
mahat - great, large, mighty, important
स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of svarga
svarga - heaven, celestial abode
Compound: su (good) + ra (light) + ga (going) or related to svar (heavenly light).
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Contrasts with iha.
परमं (paramaṁ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of parama
parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, excellent
Superlative form.
Note: Acts as a subject complement.
सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, comfort, ease)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, joy, ease, pleasure
Compound: su (good) + kha (axle-hole, space).
अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable (imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya
akṣaya - imperishable, undecaying, eternal, inexhaustible
Compound: a- (negation) + kṣaya (decay, destruction).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)
- a – not, un-, in-
prefix
Negation prefix. - kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss, end
noun (masculine)
From root √kṣi (to waste away, destroy).
Root: kṣi (class 5)
तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the consequence.
एतत् (etat) - this (truth) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, such
Note: Refers to the preceding statement.
अवबुध्यस्व (avabudhyasva) - understand (understand, comprehend, perceive)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of avabudh
Imperative mood, middle voice
From root √budh (to know, awaken) with prefix ava.
Prefix: ava
Root: budh (class 1)
हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root √hā (to leave, abandon).
Root: hā (class 3)
भोगान् (bhogān) - worldly enjoyments (enjoyments, pleasures, experiences)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga
bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience, possession
From root √bhuj (to enjoy, eat).
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Object of hitvā.
नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O King (O lord of men, O king)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of nareśvara
nareśvara - king, ruler, lord of men
Compound: nara (man) + īśvara (lord).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)
- nara – man, person
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
noun (masculine)
From root √īś (to rule, be master of).
Root: īś (class 2)
Note: Direct address to the king.