मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-126, verse-19
( तेन त्यक्तेन शिष्टा ये जनाः पूर्णमनोरथाः ।
तेऽपि यज्ञान्यजन्ते स्म देशे देशे पृथक्पृथक् ) तस्यैवं कुर्वतो राज्यं सम्यक्पालयतः प्रजाः ।
तपस्वी कश्चिदभ्येत्य तमाह मुनिसत्तम ॥१९॥
तेऽपि यज्ञान्यजन्ते स्म देशे देशे पृथक्पृथक् ) तस्यैवं कुर्वतो राज्यं सम्यक्पालयतः प्रजाः ।
तपस्वी कश्चिदभ्येत्य तमाह मुनिसत्तम ॥१९॥
19. ( tena tyaktena śiṣṭā ye janāḥ pūrṇamanorathāḥ .
te'pi yajñānyajante sma deśe deśe pṛthakpṛthak ) tasyaivaṃ kurvato rājyaṃ samyakpālayataḥ prajāḥ .
tapasvī kaścidabhyetya tamāha munisattama.
te'pi yajñānyajante sma deśe deśe pṛthakpṛthak ) tasyaivaṃ kurvato rājyaṃ samyakpālayataḥ prajāḥ .
tapasvī kaścidabhyetya tamāha munisattama.
19.
tena tyaktena śiṣṭāḥ ye janāḥ pūrṇamanorathāḥ te
api yajñān ayajante sma deśe deśe pṛthakpṛthak
tasya evam kurvataḥ rājyam samyak pālayataḥ
prajāḥ tapasvī kaścit abhyetya tam āha munisattama
api yajñān ayajante sma deśe deśe pṛthakpṛthak
tasya evam kurvataḥ rājyam samyak pālayataḥ
prajāḥ tapasvī kaścit abhyetya tam āha munisattama
19.
(And those remaining people, whose desires were completely fulfilled by that abundance of abandoned wealth, they also performed Vedic rituals (yajña) throughout different regions, each individually.) While he, King Marutta, was thus ruling his kingdom and properly protecting his subjects, a certain ascetic (tapasvin) approached him and said, 'O best among sages (muni)!'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तेन (tena) - by that (wealth) (by that, by him)
- त्यक्तेन (tyaktena) - by the abandoned wealth (by the abandoned, by that which was given up)
- शिष्टाः (śiṣṭāḥ) - remaining, left over
- ये (ye) - who, which
- जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons
- पूर्णमनोरथाः (pūrṇamanorathāḥ) - whose desires are fulfilled, whose wishes are complete
- ते (te) - they
- अपि (api) - also, even
- यज्ञान् (yajñān) - sacrifices, rituals
- अयजन्ते (ayajante) - they performed sacrifices, they worshipped
- स्म (sma) - emphasizes the past or habitual nature of the action (indeed, a particle used with present tense to denote past action)
- देशे (deśe) - in the country, in the region, in the place
- देशे (deśe) - in the country, in the region, in the place
- पृथक्पृथक् (pṛthakpṛthak) - separately, individually, distinctly
- तस्य (tasya) - of King Marutta (his, of him)
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so
- कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - while ruling/managing (doing, performing, while doing)
- राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm, sovereignty
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely, rightly
- पालयतः (pālayataḥ) - protecting, guarding, ruling, while protecting
- प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny
- तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who practices austerities
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - some, a certain, someone
- अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached
- तम् (tam) - King Marutta (him, that)
- आह (āha) - he said, he spoke
- मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - Addressing King Marutta as the best of sages. (O best of sages!)
Words meanings and morphology
तेन (tena) - by that (wealth) (by that, by him)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
त्यक्तेन (tyaktena) - by the abandoned wealth (by the abandoned, by that which was given up)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tyakta
tyakta - abandoned, given up, forsaken
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
शिष्टाः (śiṣṭāḥ) - remaining, left over
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭa
śiṣṭa - remaining, left, residual; disciplined, taught
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √śiṣ
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
ये (ye) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - which, what, that
जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jana
jana - person, people, creature, human being
पूर्णमनोरथाः (pūrṇamanorathāḥ) - whose desires are fulfilled, whose wishes are complete
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrṇamanoratha
pūrṇamanoratha - having fulfilled desires/wishes
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrṇa+manoratha)
- pūrṇa – full, complete, fulfilled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √pṛ
Root: pṛ (class 3) - manoratha – wish, desire, mental object
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of 'ayajante'.
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
यज्ञान् (yajñān) - sacrifices, rituals
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, worship, ritual
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Object of 'ayajante'.
अयजन्ते (ayajante) - they performed sacrifices, they worshipped
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of yaj
Imperfect Tense
3rd plural, middle voice (ātmanepada), imperfect tense, with augment 'a-'
Root: yaj (class 1)
स्म (sma) - emphasizes the past or habitual nature of the action (indeed, a particle used with present tense to denote past action)
(indeclinable)
देशे (deśe) - in the country, in the region, in the place
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of deśa
deśa - country, region, place, spot
देशे (deśe) - in the country, in the region, in the place
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of deśa
deśa - country, region, place, spot
पृथक्पृथक् (pṛthakpṛthak) - separately, individually, distinctly
(indeclinable)
Repetition of pṛthak for emphasis.
तस्य (tasya) - of King Marutta (his, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Connects with 'kurvataḥ' and 'pālayataḥ'.
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so
(indeclinable)
कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - while ruling/managing (doing, performing, while doing)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kurvat
kurvat - doing, making, performing
Present Active Participle
Derived from √kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Denotes simultaneous action.
राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm, sovereignty
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, rule
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely, rightly
(indeclinable)
Prefix: sam
Root: añc (class 1)
पालयतः (pālayataḥ) - protecting, guarding, ruling, while protecting
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pālayat
pālayat - protecting, guarding, ruling
Present Active Participle
Derived from √pāl (causative of √pā)
Root: pāl (class 10)
Note: Denotes simultaneous action.
प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā
prajā - subjects, people, progeny, offspring
Prefix: pra
Root: jan (class 4)
तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who practices austerities
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tapasvin
tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one who practices austerities (tapas)
Suffix -vin to tapas
Note: Subject of 'āha'.
कश्चित् (kaścit) - some, a certain, someone
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kacid
kacid - someone, anyone, some, certain
Pronoun 'ka' + enclitic 'cid' to form indefinite pronoun.
अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
Derived from √i (to go) with upasargas abhi and ā, using the suffix -lya (or -ya after upasarga)
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: i (class 2)
तम् (tam) - King Marutta (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
आह (āha) - he said, he spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah
Perfect Tense
3rd singular, active voice (parasmaipada), perfect tense
Root: ah (class 2)
मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - Addressing King Marutta as the best of sages. (O best of sages!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of munisattama
munisattama - best among sages, chief sage
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)
- muni – sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one
noun (masculine) - sattama – best, most excellent, supreme
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix -tama to 'sat'
Note: Addressed to King Marutta.