मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-126, verse-33
नयेद्दिनं तथा रात्रिं न तु भोगपरायणः ।
राज्ञां शरीरग्रहणं न भोगाय महीपते ॥३३॥
राज्ञां शरीरग्रहणं न भोगाय महीपते ॥३३॥
33. nayeddinaṃ tathā rātriṃ na tu bhogaparāyaṇaḥ .
rājñāṃ śarīragrahaṇaṃ na bhogāya mahīpate.
rājñāṃ śarīragrahaṇaṃ na bhogāya mahīpate.
33.
nayet dinam tathā rātriṃ na tu bhoga-parāyaṇaḥ
rājñām śarīra-grahaṇaṃ na bhogāya mahīpate
rājñām śarīra-grahaṇaṃ na bhogāya mahīpate
33.
He should spend his days and nights [in duty], not being devoted to indulgence. O King, the very embodiment of kings is not meant for mere enjoyment.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नयेत् (nayet) - should spend/pass (days and nights) (should lead, should guide, should pass (time))
- दिनम् (dinam) - day
- तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, similarly)
- रात्रिं (rātriṁ) - night
- न (na) - not
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
- भोग-परायणः (bhoga-parāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to indulgence (devoted to enjoyment/pleasure)
- राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings
- शरीर-ग्रहणं (śarīra-grahaṇaṁ) - the very embodiment (or taking of a body) (taking of a body, assumption of a body, birth)
- न (na) - not
- भोगाय (bhogāya) - for mere enjoyment (for enjoyment, for pleasure)
- महीपते (mahīpate) - O King (O King, O lord of the earth)
Words meanings and morphology
नयेत् (nayet) - should spend/pass (days and nights) (should lead, should guide, should pass (time))
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nī
Optative mood, active voice
From root √nī (to lead).
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Refers to the king's conduct.
दिनम् (dinam) - day
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dina
dina - day
तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, similarly)
(indeclinable)
रात्रिं (rātriṁ) - night
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri
rātri - night
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
भोग-परायणः (bhoga-parāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to indulgence (devoted to enjoyment/pleasure)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoga-parāyaṇa
bhoga-parāyaṇa - devoted to enjoyment, given to pleasure
Tatpuruṣa compound: bhoga (enjoyment) + parāyaṇa (devoted to).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoga+parāyaṇa)
- bhoga – enjoyment, pleasure, experience
noun (masculine)
From root √bhuj (to enjoy, eat).
Root: bhuj (class 7) - parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, having as a final resort
adjective (masculine)
Note: Describes the implicit subject (the king).
राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Possessive, connected to śarīra-grahaṇaṃ.
शरीर-ग्रहणं (śarīra-grahaṇaṁ) - the very embodiment (or taking of a body) (taking of a body, assumption of a body, birth)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śarīra-grahaṇa
śarīra-grahaṇa - taking of a body, embodiment, birth
Tatpuruṣa compound: śarīra (body) + grahaṇa (taking).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarīra+grahaṇa)
- śarīra – body, form
noun (neuter) - grahaṇa – taking, seizing, grasping, receiving
noun (neuter)
From root √grah (to seize, take).
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Subject of the second sentence.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
भोगाय (bhogāya) - for mere enjoyment (for enjoyment, for pleasure)
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of bhoga
bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience
From root √bhuj (to enjoy, eat).
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Denotes purpose.
महीपते (mahīpate) - O King (O King, O lord of the earth)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth
Compound: mahī + pati (earth + lord).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Direct address to the king.