मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-126, verse-30
धर्मकर्माश्रयो मूढः कः सम्यगपि वर्त्तते ।
को दण्ड्यः परिपाल्यः कः के चोपेक्ष्या नरा मया ॥३०॥
को दण्ड्यः परिपाल्यः कः के चोपेक्ष्या नरा मया ॥३०॥
30. dharmakarmāśrayo mūḍhaḥ kaḥ samyagapi varttate .
ko daṇḍyaḥ paripālyaḥ kaḥ ke copekṣyā narā mayā.
ko daṇḍyaḥ paripālyaḥ kaḥ ke copekṣyā narā mayā.
30.
dharma karma āśrayaḥ mūḍhaḥ kaḥ samyak api varttate
kaḥ daṇḍyaḥ paripālyaḥ kaḥ ke ca upekṣyāḥ narā mayā
kaḥ daṇḍyaḥ paripālyaḥ kaḥ ke ca upekṣyāḥ narā mayā
30.
Who is ignorant, relying (naively) on (his own) intrinsic nature (dharma) and actions (karma)? Who behaves truly properly? Who is to be punished? Who is to be protected? And which people should be neglected by me?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धर्म-कर्म-आश्रयः (dharma-karma-āśrayaḥ) - one relying on (his own) intrinsic nature (dharma) and actions (karma) (one whose refuge is natural law and duty, one who relies on proper conduct)
- मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded
- कः (kaḥ) - who
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly, completely, rightly
- अपि (api) - also, even, and
- वर्त्तते (varttate) - behaves, acts, exists
- कः (kaḥ) - who
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - to be punished, punishable
- परिपाल्यः (paripālyaḥ) - to be protected, to be preserved
- कः (kaḥ) - who
- के (ke) - which
- च (ca) - and
- उपेक्ष्याः (upekṣyāḥ) - to be neglected, to be disregarded
- नरा (narā) - men, people
- मया (mayā) - by me
Words meanings and morphology
धर्म-कर्म-आश्रयः (dharma-karma-āśrayaḥ) - one relying on (his own) intrinsic nature (dharma) and actions (karma) (one whose refuge is natural law and duty, one who relies on proper conduct)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-karma-āśraya
dharma-karma-āśraya - one who relies on natural law and duty
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+karma+āśraya)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
noun (masculine) - karma – action, deed, duty
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - āśraya – refuge, support, reliance
noun (masculine)
Derived from root śri with upasarga ā.
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 1)
मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha
mūḍha - foolish, ignorant, bewildered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'muh' (to be confused, deluded).
Root: muh (class 4)
कः (kaḥ) - who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - what, which, who
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly, completely, rightly
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even, and
(indeclinable)
Note: Serves to emphasize or contrast.
वर्त्तते (varttate) - behaves, acts, exists
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Present Middle
3rd person singular present middle from root vṛt.
Root: vṛt (class 1)
कः (kaḥ) - who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - what, which, who
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - to be punished, punishable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, deserving punishment
Gerundive
Derived from root 'daṇḍ' (to punish) with suffix '-ya'.
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.
परिपाल्यः (paripālyaḥ) - to be protected, to be preserved
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of paripālya
paripālya - to be protected, to be cherished
Gerundive
Derived from root 'pā' (to protect) with upasarga 'pari-' and suffix '-ya'.
Prefix: pari
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.
कः (kaḥ) - who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - what, which, who
के (ke) - which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kim
kim - what, which, who
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
उपेक्ष्याः (upekṣyāḥ) - to be neglected, to be disregarded
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of upekṣya
upekṣya - to be neglected, to be disregarded
Gerundive
Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with upasargas 'upa-' and 'i-'.
Prefixes: upa+i
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Functions as an adjective for 'narā'.
नरा (narā) - men, people
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nara
nara - man, person, human being
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Indicates agency for the gerundives.