मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-126, verse-22
साऽहं पश्यामि वैकल्यं तव राज्यं प्रशासतः ।
पितामहस्य तेनाभूद्यत्पूर्वेषां च ते नृप ॥२२॥
पितामहस्य तेनाभूद्यत्पूर्वेषां च ते नृप ॥२२॥
22. sā'haṃ paśyāmi vaikalyaṃ tava rājyaṃ praśāsataḥ .
pitāmahasya tenābhūdyatpūrveṣāṃ ca te nṛpa.
pitāmahasya tenābhūdyatpūrveṣāṃ ca te nṛpa.
22.
sā aham paśyāmi vaikalyaṃ tava rājyaṃ praśāsataḥ
pitāmahasya tena abhūt yat pūrveṣām ca te nṛpa
pitāmahasya tena abhūt yat pūrveṣām ca te nṛpa
22.
O king, I see a deficiency in your governance of the kingdom, which did not occur during the time of your grandfather or your ancestors.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सा (sā) - I (who am that person previously mentioned or implied) (that (feminine), she)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I observe
- वैकल्यं (vaikalyaṁ) - deficiency, imperfection, disorder
- तव (tava) - your
- राज्यं (rājyaṁ) - kingdom, reign, rule
- प्रशासतः (praśāsataḥ) - while you are governing (your kingdom) (while governing/ruling, of the one governing)
- पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of the grandfather
- तेन (tena) - during his time (referring to the grandfather) (by him, by that, on account of that)
- अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it happened, it became
- यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)
- पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the predecessors
- च (ca) - and
- ते (te) - your
- नृप (nṛpa) - O king
Words meanings and morphology
सा (sā) - I (who am that person previously mentioned or implied) (that (feminine), she)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I observe
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of dṛś
Root of the present stem 'paśya'
Root: dṛś (class 1)
वैकल्यं (vaikalyaṁ) - deficiency, imperfection, disorder
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vaikalya
vaikalya - deficiency, imperfection, disorder, disability
Derived from 'vikala' (deficient)
तव (tava) - your
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
राज्यं (rājyaṁ) - kingdom, reign, rule
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, rule
Root: rāj (class 1)
प्रशासतः (praśāsataḥ) - while you are governing (your kingdom) (while governing/ruling, of the one governing)
(participle)
Genitive, masculine, singular of praśāsat
praśāsat - governing, ruling, administering
Present Active Participle
Derived from root ŚĀS (to rule, govern) with prefix PRA
Prefix: pra
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Agrees implicitly with 'tava'
पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of the grandfather
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitāmaha
pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pitā+maha)
- pitā – father
noun (masculine) - maha – great, big
adjective (masculine)
तेन (tena) - during his time (referring to the grandfather) (by him, by that, on account of that)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it
अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it happened, it became
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū
Root verb
Root: bhū (class 1)
यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to 'vaikalyaṃ'
पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the predecessors
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva
pūrva - former, ancient, earlier, previous
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
ते (te) - your
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Enclitic form
नृप (nṛpa) - O king
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, protector of men
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
Agent noun derived from root PĀ (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)