महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-9

ते समन्तात्परिवृताः पाण्डवैः पुरुषर्षभाः ।
क्षोभयन्ति स्म तां सेनां मकराः सागरं यथा ॥९॥

9. te samantātparivṛtāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ ,
kṣobhayanti sma tāṁ senāṁ makarāḥ sāgaraṁ yathā.

9. te samantāt parivṛtāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ
kṣobhayanti sma tām senām makarāḥ sāgaram yathā

9. pāṇḍavaiḥ samantāt parivṛtāḥ te puruṣarṣabhāḥ
tām senām makarāḥ sāgaram yathā sma kṣobhayanti

9. Surrounded on all sides by the Pāṇḍavas, those foremost among men (the Kuru warriors) agitated that army, just as sea monsters agitate the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• परिवृताः (parivṛtāḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the sons of Pāṇḍu, by the Pāṇḍavas

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - the Kuru warriors, who are the object of the Pāṇḍavas' assault (best among men, foremost of men)

• क्षोभयन्ति (kṣobhayanti) - they agitate, they disturb

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

• ताम् (tām) - that

• सेनाम् (senām) - the Kuru army (army)

• मकराः (makarāḥ) - sea monsters, crocodiles

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

ablative of `samanta` used as an indeclinable

परिवृताः (parivṛtāḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

derived from `vṛ` with `pari`

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Kuru warriors).

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the sons of Pāṇḍu, by the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Agent of 'parivṛtāḥ'.

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - the Kuru warriors, who are the object of the Pāṇḍavas' assault (best among men, foremost of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best among men, foremost of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

क्षोभयन्ति (kṣobhayanti) - they agitate, they disturb

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṣobhayati

Causative

causative of root `kṣubh` (to tremble, to be agitated)

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past continuous or simple past.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'senām'.

सेनाम् (senām) - the Kuru army (army)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, battle array

Note: Object of 'kṣobhayanti'.

मकराः (makarāḥ) - sea monsters, crocodiles

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of makara

makara - sea monster, crocodile, a mythical aquatic creature

Note: Subject in the comparison.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Object in the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.