महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-38

ततो हतमभिप्रेक्ष्य मद्रराजबलं महत् ।
मद्रराजं च समरे दृष्ट्वा शूरं निपातितम् ।
दुर्योधनबलं सर्वं पुनरासीत्पराङ्मुखम् ॥३८॥

38. tato hatamabhiprekṣya madrarājabalaṁ mahat ,
madrarājaṁ ca samare dṛṣṭvā śūraṁ nipātitam ,
duryodhanabalaṁ sarvaṁ punarāsītparāṅmukham.

38. tataḥ hatam abhiprekṣya madrarājabalam
mahat madrarājam ca samare
dṛṣṭvā śūram nipātitam duryodhanabalam
sarvam punaḥ āsīt parāṅmukham

38. tataḥ mahat madrarājabalam hatam abhiprekṣya,
ca śūram madrarājam samare nipātitam dṛṣṭvā,
sarvam duryodhanabalam punaḥ parāṅmukham āsīt

38. Then, seeing the great army of the Madra king slain, and seeing the heroic Madra king himself fallen in battle, Duryodhana's entire army again turned away.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived, having observed

• मद्रराजबलम् (madrarājabalam) - the army of the Madra king

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, powerful

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the Madra king

• च (ca) - and, also

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• शूरम् (śūram) - heroic, brave, a hero

• निपातितम् (nipātitam) - fallen, cast down, overthrown

• दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, anew

• आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, it became

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - having face averted, turned away, fleeing

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

Past Passive Participle

root han (to strike/kill) + kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'madrarājabalam'

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

prefix abhi-pra- + root īkṣ (to see) + suffix -ya

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form

मद्रराजबलम् (madrarājabalam) - the army of the Madra king

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madrarājabala

madrarājabala - the army of the king of Madra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja+bala)

• madra – name of a country/people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• bala – strength, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'abhiprekṣya'

महत् (mahat) - great, large, powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, powerful

Note: Modifies 'madrarājabalam'

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the Madra king

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – name of a country/people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form

शूरम् (śūram) - heroic, brave, a hero

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Modifies 'madrarājam'

निपातितम् (nipātitam) - fallen, cast down, overthrown

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - made to fall, thrown down, slain

Past Passive Participle (causative)

prefix ni- + root pat (to fall) in causative form + kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'madrarājam'

दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duryodhanabala

duryodhanabala - Duryodhana's army

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+bala)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bala – army, strength
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Modifies 'duryodhanabalam'

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, anew

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āsīt

Imperfect Active

root as (to be) in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - having face averted, turned away, fleeing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having face averted, turned away, fleeing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāc+mukha)

• parāc – away, backward
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'duryodhanabalam'