महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-31

रथैर्भग्नैर्युगाक्षैश्च निहतैश्च महारथैः ।
अश्वैर्निपतितैश्चैव संछन्नाभूद्वसुंधरा ॥३१॥

31. rathairbhagnairyugākṣaiśca nihataiśca mahārathaiḥ ,
aśvairnipatitaiścaiva saṁchannābhūdvasuṁdharā.

31. rathaiḥ bhagnaiḥ yuga-akṣaiḥ ca nihataiḥ ca mahā-rathaiḥ
aśvaiḥ nipatitaiḥ ca eva sam-channā abhūt vasundharā

31. vasundharā bhagnaiḥ rathaiḥ ca yuga-akṣaiḥ ca nihataiḥ
mahā-rathaiḥ ca nipatitaiḥ aśvaiḥ eva saṃchannā abhūt

31. The earth became covered with broken chariots, with poles and axles, with slain great warriors, and with fallen horses.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• भग्नैः (bhagnaiḥ) - by broken (ones)

• युग-अक्षैः (yuga-akṣaiḥ) - by yokes and axles

• च (ca) - and, also

• निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by slain, by killed (ones)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महा-रथैः (mahā-rathaiḥ) - by great warriors

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

• निपतितैः (nipatitaiḥ) - by fallen (ones)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सम्-छन्ना (sam-channā) - covered, overspread

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

• वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Indicates the means of covering.

भग्नैः (bhagnaiḥ) - by broken (ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhañj (to break).

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Describes 'rathaiḥ'.

युग-अक्षैः (yuga-akṣaiḥ) - by yokes and axles

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yugākṣa

yugākṣa - yoke and axle (components of a chariot)

Compound type : dvandva (yuga+akṣa)

• yuga – yoke, pair, age, era
  noun (neuter)
• akṣa – axle, dice, eye
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means of covering.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by slain, by killed (ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes 'mahārathaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

महा-रथैः (mahā-rathaiḥ) - by great warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, one who can fight many enemies

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'mahat'.
• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means of covering.

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Indicates the means of covering.

निपतितैः (nipatitaiḥ) - by fallen (ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, cast down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes 'aśvaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding list.

सम्-छन्ना (sam-channā) - covered, overspread

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃchanna

saṁchanna - covered, concealed, overspread

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √chad (to cover) with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Describes 'vasundharā'.

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasundharā

vasundharā - the earth (bearer of wealth)

Compound 'vasu-dhara' (wealth-bearing) with feminine ending.

Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.