महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-18

ततो गान्धारराजस्य पुत्रः शकुनिरब्रवीत् ।
दुर्योधनं महाराज वचनं वचनक्षमः ॥१८॥

18. tato gāndhārarājasya putraḥ śakunirabravīt ,
duryodhanaṁ mahārāja vacanaṁ vacanakṣamaḥ.

18. tataḥ gāndhārarājasya putraḥ śakuniḥ abravīt
| duryodhanam mahārāja vacanam vacanakṣamaḥ

18. tataḥ gāndhārarājasya putraḥ vacanakṣamaḥ
śakuniḥ mahārāja duryodhanam vacanam abravīt

18. Then, the son of the Gandhara king, Shakuni, who was skilled in speech, spoke these words to King Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (after that) (then, thence, from that)

• गान्धारराजस्य (gāndhārarājasya) - of the king of Gandhara (of the Gandhara king)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (son)

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name) (Shakuni)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana (Duryodhana)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative address) (O great king, great king)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - (these) words (word, speech, saying)

• वचनक्षमः (vacanakṣamaḥ) - skilled in speech (capable of speaking, eloquent)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (after that) (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

from 'tad' + suffix 'tas'.

गान्धारराजस्य (gāndhārarājasya) - of the king of Gandhara (of the Gandhara king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāndhārarāja

gāndhārarāja - king of Gandhara

Compound type : tatpuruṣa

• gāndhāra – Gandhara (a country/region)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Subala, Shakuni's father.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Shakuni.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name) (Shakuni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (proper name)

Note: Shakuni, brother of Gandhari and maternal uncle of Duryodhana.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of brū

imperfect tense

from root √brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The 'a-' prefix indicates past tense.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative address) (O great king, great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

Compound type : karmadhāraya

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Term of address for Duryodhana.

वचनम् (vacanam) - (these) words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement

from root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

वचनक्षमः (vacanakṣamaḥ) - skilled in speech (capable of speaking, eloquent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vacanakṣama

vacanakṣama - skilled in speech, capable of speech, eloquent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa

• vacana – speech, word
  noun (neuter)
• kṣama – capable, able, fit
  adjective