महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-39

वध्यमानं महाराज पाण्डवैर्जितकाशिभिः ।
दिशो भेजेऽथ संभ्रान्तं त्रासितं दृढधन्विभिः ॥३९॥

39. vadhyamānaṁ mahārāja pāṇḍavairjitakāśibhiḥ ,
diśo bheje'tha saṁbhrāntaṁ trāsitaṁ dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ.

39. vadhyamānam mahārāja pāṇḍavaiḥ jitakāśibhiḥ diśaḥ
bheje atha saṃbhrāntam trāsitam dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ

39. mahārāja,
jitakāśibhiḥ dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ vadhyamānam saṃbhrāntam trāsitam (tat balam) atha diśaḥ bheje

39. O great king, being slain by the Pandavas, who shone with victory, and terrified and bewildered by those with strong bows, it (Duryodhana's army) then fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slain, being killed, being attacked

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

• जितकाशिभिः (jitakāśibhiḥ) - shining with victory, having victory as their glory

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• भेजे (bheje) - it fled, it resorted to

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• संभ्रान्तम् (saṁbhrāntam) - bewildered, confused, agitated

• त्रासितम् (trāsitam) - terrified, frightened

• दृढधन्विभिः (dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ) - by those with strong bows, by strong archers

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slain, being killed, being attacked

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being slain, being killed, being struck down

Present Passive Participle

root han (to kill) converted to vadhya- (passive stem) + śānac suffix (-māna)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies the implied object (Duryodhana's army) of 'bheje'

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rāja)

• mahat – great
  adjective (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vadhyamānam'

जितकाशिभिः (jitakāśibhiḥ) - shining with victory, having victory as their glory

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jitakāśin

jitakāśin - shining with victory, having victory as glory

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+kāśin)

• jita – conquered, victorious
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  root ji (to conquer) + kta suffix
  Root: ji (class 1)
• kāśin – shining, bright, appearing
  adjective (masculine)
  root kāś (to shine) + -in suffix
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Note: Object of 'bheje'

भेजे (bheje) - it fled, it resorted to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of bheje

Perfect Middle

root bhaj (to resort to, divide) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Subject implied as 'Duryodhana's army'

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

संभ्रान्तम् (saṁbhrāntam) - bewildered, confused, agitated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃbhrānta

saṁbhrānta - bewildered, confused, agitated

Past Passive Participle

prefix sam- + root bhram (to wander, be confused) + kta suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied object (Duryodhana's army)

त्रासितम् (trāsitam) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trāsita

trāsita - terrified, frightened, intimidated

Past Passive Participle (causative)

root tras (to tremble) in causative form + kta suffix

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied object (Duryodhana's army)

दृढधन्विभिः (dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ) - by those with strong bows, by strong archers

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dṛḍhadhanvin

dṛḍhadhanvin - having a strong bow, strong archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+dhanvin)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root dṛh (to be firm) + kta suffix
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• dhanvin – archer, possessing a bow
  noun (masculine)
  from dhanus (bow) + -in suffix

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'