महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-17

दुर्योधनस्तु तान्वीरान्वारयामास सान्त्वयन् ।
न चास्य शासनं कश्चित्तत्र चक्रे महारथः ॥१७॥

17. duryodhanastu tānvīrānvārayāmāsa sāntvayan ,
na cāsya śāsanaṁ kaścittatra cakre mahārathaḥ.

17. duryodhanaḥ tu tān vīrān vārayāmāsa sāntvayan |
na ca asya śāsanam kaścit tatra cakre mahārathaḥ

17. duryodhanaḥ tu tān vīrān sāntvayan vārayāmāsa ca
asya śāsanam tatra kaścit mahārathaḥ na cakre

17. Duryodhana, however, was pacifying and restraining those warriors. But no great charioteer there obeyed his command.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Prince Duryodhana, the eldest of the Kauravas (Duryodhana)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

• तान् (tān) - those (warriors) (those)

• वीरान् (vīrān) - the warriors (heroes, warriors)

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he restrained (he restrained, he prevented)

• सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - pacifying (them) (consoling, pacifying, soothing)

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - but (and, but)

• अस्य (asya) - his (command) (his, of this)

• शासनम् (śāsanam) - his command (command, rule, instruction)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (someone, anyone, a certain)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, then)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he obeyed (lit. made, did) (he did, he made)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - any great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Prince Duryodhana, the eldest of the Kauravas (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those (warriors) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वीरान् (vīrān) - the warriors (heroes, warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he restrained (he restrained, he prevented)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vārayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect tense

from root √vṛ (to cover, restrain) with causative suffix -aya and perfect ending.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Periphrastic perfect form.

सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - pacifying (them) (consoling, pacifying, soothing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāntvayat

sāntvayat - consoling, pacifying, soothing

present active participle

from root √sāntv (to console, pacify)

Root: sāntv (class 10)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - but (and, but)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (command) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

शासनम् (śāsanam) - his command (command, rule, instruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, rule, instruction, government

from root √śās (to rule, command)

Root: śās (class 2)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (someone, anyone, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain (indefinite pronoun)

compound of interrogative pronoun 'kim' (masc. nom. sing. 'kaḥ') and indeclinable 'cid'

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, then)

(indeclinable)

from 'tad' + suffix 'tra'.

Note: Refers to the battlefield.

चक्रे (cakre) - he obeyed (lit. made, did) (he did, he made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect tense (middle voice)

from root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: With 'śāsanam' and 'na', it means 'did not obey/make his command'.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - any great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers

Compound type : karmadhāraya

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: It functions as the subject for 'cakre' in the negative clause.