महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-30

अथोत्थितानि रुण्डानि समदृश्यन्त सर्वशः ।
पपात महती चोल्का मध्येनादित्यमण्डलम् ॥३०॥

30. athotthitāni ruṇḍāni samadṛśyanta sarvaśaḥ ,
papāta mahatī colkā madhyenādityamaṇḍalam.

30. atha utthitāni ruṇḍāni sam-adṛśyanta sarvaśaḥ
ca papāta mahatī ulkā madhyena āditya-maṇḍalam

30. atha utthitāni ruṇḍāni sarvaśaḥ samadṛśyanta
ca mahatī ulkā āditya-maṇḍalam madhyena papāta

30. Then, headless trunks rose up and were seen everywhere. And a great meteor fell through the middle of the sun's disk.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• उत्थितानि (utthitāni) - risen, stood up, appeared

• रुण्डानि (ruṇḍāni) - headless trunks, mutilated bodies

• समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - they were seen, appeared

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, entirely

• च (ca) - and, also

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• महती (mahatī) - great, large, mighty

• उल्का (ulkā) - meteor, falling star, firebrand

• मध्येन (madhyena) - through the middle

• आदित्य-मण्डलम् (āditya-maṇḍalam) - the disk of the sun

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

उत्थितानि (utthitāni) - risen, stood up, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, produced, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with upasarga ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes 'ruṇḍāni'.

रुण्डानि (ruṇḍāni) - headless trunks, mutilated bodies

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ruṇḍa

ruṇḍa - a headless trunk, a mutilated body

Note: Subject of 'samadṛśyanta'.

समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - they were seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, entirely

(indeclinable)

Suffix -śas (distributive/adverbial) added to 'sarva' (all).

Note: Adverb modifying 'samadṛśyanta'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

महती (mahatī) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, excellent

Note: Describes 'ulkā'.

उल्का (ulkā) - meteor, falling star, firebrand

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ulkā

ulkā - a meteor, falling star, firebrand

Note: Subject of 'papāta'.

मध्येन (madhyena) - through the middle

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center

Note: Used in an adverbial sense for 'through'.

आदित्य-मण्डलम् (āditya-maṇḍalam) - the disk of the sun

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ādityamaṇḍala

ādityamaṇḍala - the disc of the sun, solar orb

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (āditya+maṇḍala)

• āditya – the sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• maṇḍala – circle, disc, orb, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'madhyena' (implicitly directional).