महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-12

बहवश्चुक्रुशुस्तत्र क्व स राजा युधिष्ठिरः ।
भ्रातरो वास्य ते शूरा दृश्यन्ते नेह केचन ॥१२॥

12. bahavaścukruśustatra kva sa rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
bhrātaro vāsya te śūrā dṛśyante neha kecana.

12. bahavaḥ cukruśuḥ tatra kva saḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
bhrātaraḥ vā asya te śūrāḥ dṛśyante na iha kecana

12. tatra bahavaḥ cukruśuḥ,
"saḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ kva? vā asya te śūrāḥ bhrātaraḥ iha kecana na dṛśyante"

12. Many there cried out, "Where is that King Yudhiṣṭhira? Neither he nor any of his brave brothers are seen here!"

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out, they shouted, they wailed

• तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

• क्व (kva) - where?

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• राजा (rājā) - king

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a king, eldest Pāṇḍava)

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

• वा (vā) - or, and

• अस्य (asya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (his, of this (one))

• ते (te) - those

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave ones, heroes

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - on the battlefield (here, in this world)

• केचन (kecana) - none at all (when used with 'na') (anyone, some, a certain (one))

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Subject of 'cukruśuḥ'.

चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out, they shouted, they wailed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (lit) of kruś

Perfect Tense

reduplicated perfect form of root `kruś`

Root: kruś (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

formed from `tad`

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

Note: Interrogative.

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a king, eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava, literally 'firm in battle')

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  indeclinable
  locative singular of `yudh` (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root `sthā`
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

r-stem noun.

Note: Subject.

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

disjunctive particle

Note: Conjunction.

अस्य (asya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (his, of this (one))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Note: Possessive for 'bhrātaraḥ'.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'śūrāḥ bhrātaraḥ'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave ones, heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero, warrior

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaraḥ'.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś

Passive voice

Present passive, 3rd person plural of root `dṛś`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

negative particle

Note: Negates 'dṛśyante'.

इह (iha) - on the battlefield (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

adverb of place

Note: Adverb of place.

केचन (kecana) - none at all (when used with 'na') (anyone, some, a certain (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which

interrogative pronoun, with suffix `cana` for indefiniteness/negation

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'not anyone / none'.