महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-17, verse-11

प्रस्कन्द्य सेनां महतीं त्यक्तात्मानो महारथाः ।
वृक्षानिव महावाताः कम्पयन्ति स्म तावकाः ॥११॥

11. praskandya senāṁ mahatīṁ tyaktātmāno mahārathāḥ ,
vṛkṣāniva mahāvātāḥ kampayanti sma tāvakāḥ.

11. praskandya senām mahatīm tyaktātmānaḥ mahārathāḥ
vṛkṣān iva mahāvātāḥ kampayanti sma tāvakāḥ

11. tyaktātmānaḥ tāvakāḥ mahārathāḥ mahatīm senām praskandya,
vṛkṣān mahāvātāḥ iva sma kampayanti

11. Your (Kaurava) great chariot-warriors (mahārathāḥ), fearless (tyaktātmanāḥ) and having assailed the great army, were shaking it, just as great winds shake trees.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having assailed, having attacked, having leaped upon

• सेनाम् (senām) - the enemy's (Pandava) army (the army)

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large

• त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - those who have given up their lives, fearless, self-sacrificing

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors, mighty heroes

• वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• महावाताः (mahāvātāḥ) - great winds, strong gales

• कम्पयन्ति (kampayanti) - they shake, they cause to tremble

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, referring to the Kaurava warriors (your men, your warriors, your side)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having assailed, having attacked, having leaped upon

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

derived from root `skand` (to leap, to attack) with `pra`

Prefix: pra

Root: skand (class 1)

सेनाम् (senām) - the enemy's (Pandava) army (the army)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, battle array

Note: Object of 'praskandya'.

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Note: Qualifies 'senām'.

त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - those who have given up their lives, fearless, self-sacrificing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyaktātman

tyaktātman - one who has given up his life (ātman), fearless, self-sacrificing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+ātman)

• tyakta – abandoned, relinquished, given up
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `tyaj`
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'mahārathāḥ'.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors, mighty heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior (who fights from a chariot), a mighty hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, a warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kampayanti'.

वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

Note: Object in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

महावाताः (mahāvātāḥ) - great winds, strong gales

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāvāta

mahāvāta - great wind, strong gale

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+vāta)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject in the simile.

कम्पयन्ति (kampayanti) - they shake, they cause to tremble

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kampayati

Causative

causative of root `kamp` (to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past continuous or simple past.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

(indeclinable)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, referring to the Kaurava warriors (your men, your warriors, your side)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - yours, your own, belonging to you (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

from `tva` (you) + suffix `ka`

Note: Subject of the main clause.