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9,13

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-13, verse-8

नैतादृशं दृष्टपूर्वं राजन्नैव च नः श्रुतम् ।
यादृशं तत्र पार्थस्य तावकाः संप्रचक्रिरे ॥८॥
8. naitādṛśaṁ dṛṣṭapūrvaṁ rājannaiva ca naḥ śrutam ,
yādṛśaṁ tatra pārthasya tāvakāḥ saṁpracakrire.
8. na etādṛśaṃ dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ rājan na eva ca naḥ śrutam
yādṛśaṃ tatra pārthasya tāvakāḥ saṃpracakkrire
8. rājan na etādṛśaṃ dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ na ca naḥ eva śrutam
yādṛśaṃ tāvakāḥ tatra pārthasya saṃpracakkrire
8. O King, such a sight was never seen before by us, nor was it ever heard of, as what your warriors (tāvakāḥ) accomplished there concerning Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • (na) - not (not, no)
  • एतादृशं (etādṛśaṁ) - such a thing, such a sight (such, of this kind)
  • दृष्टपूर्वं (dṛṣṭapūrvaṁ) - seen before (seen before, previously seen)
  • राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)
  • (na) - nor (not, no)
  • एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)
  • (ca) - and (nor) (and)
  • नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (instrumental), to us (dative), our (genitive))
  • श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)
  • यादृशं (yādṛśaṁ) - as what, similar to which (such as, of what kind, similar to which)
  • तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)
  • पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - concerning Arjuna (of Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))
  • तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons/army) (your men, your people, your side)
  • संप्रचक्क्रिरे (saṁpracakkrire) - they accomplished, they did (they did, they performed, they accomplished)

Words meanings and morphology

(na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle.
एतादृशं (etādṛśaṁ) - such a thing, such a sight (such, of this kind)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etādṛśa
etādṛśa - such, of this kind
Note: Qualifies an implied 'thing' or 'sight'.
दृष्टपूर्वं (dṛṣṭapūrvaṁ) - seen before (seen before, previously seen)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭapūrva
dṛṣṭapūrva - seen before, previously seen
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)
  • dṛṣṭa – seen
    adjective
    Past Passive Participle
    Derived from root dṛś- 'to see'
    Root: dṛś (class 1)
  • pūrva – before, former, prior
    adjective
Note: Predicate adjective, 'was not seen before'.
राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king
(na) - nor (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle.
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasis.
(ca) - and (nor) (and)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (instrumental), to us (dative), our (genitive))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, plural of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: In connection with śrutam (past passive participle), it acts as the agent ('by us').
श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta
śruta - heard, listened, revealed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root śru- 'to hear'
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Predicate adjective, 'was not heard'.
यादृशं (yādṛśaṁ) - as what, similar to which (such as, of what kind, similar to which)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yādṛśa
yādṛśa - such as, of what kind
Note: Correlative to etādṛśam.
तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of place.
पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - concerning Arjuna (of Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha
pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna, Bhīma, Yudhiṣṭhira)
Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) + aṇ
Note: Genitive of reference or possession.
तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons/army) (your men, your people, your side)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your men
Derived from 'tva' (you)
Note: Subject of saṃpracakkrire.
संप्रचक्क्रिरे (saṁpracakkrire) - they accomplished, they did (they did, they performed, they accomplished)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of saṃpracakkrire
Perfect
Root kṛ- 'to do' with upasargas sam- and pra-, in 3rd person plural perfect middle voice
Prefixes: sam+pra
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The middle voice can imply the action is for oneself or has a particular effect on the agent.