महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-13, verse-29

तमापतन्तं सहसा हेमपट्टविभूषितम् ।
चिच्छेद सप्तधा वीरः पार्थः शत्रुनिबर्हणः ॥२९॥

29. tamāpatantaṁ sahasā hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitam ,
ciccheda saptadhā vīraḥ pārthaḥ śatrunibarhaṇaḥ.

29. tam āpatantam sahasā hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitam
ciccheda saptadhā vīraḥ pārthaḥ śatrunibarhaṇaḥ

29. vīraḥ śatrunibarhaṇaḥ pārthaḥ sahasā
hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitam āpatantam tam saptadhā ciccheda

29. The brave Arjuna, the destroyer of enemies, swiftly cut that mace, which was adorned with golden plates and descending rapidly, into seven pieces.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (mace) (him, that, it)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - descending rapidly (falling, approaching, coming down)

• सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly (suddenly, forcefully, quickly)

• हेमपट्टविभूषितम् (hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitam) - adorned with golden plates (adorned with golden plates/bands)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut (cut, severed)

• सप्तधा (saptadhā) - into seven pieces (in seven ways, into seven parts)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - brave one (brave, heroic, hero)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• शत्रुनिबर्हणः (śatrunibarhaṇaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (mace) (him, that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the mace (musalam) implicitly.

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - descending rapidly (falling, approaching, coming down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - falling, approaching, coming down

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'tam' (the mace).

सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly (suddenly, forcefully, quickly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental case of sahas used as an adverb

हेमपट्टविभूषितम् (hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitam) - adorned with golden plates (adorned with golden plates/bands)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hemapaṭṭavibhūṣita

hemapaṭṭavibhūṣita - adorned with golden plates

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hema-paṭṭa+vibhūṣita)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• paṭṭa – plate, band, strip
  noun (masculine)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhūṣ (to adorn) with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (the mace).

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut (cut, severed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Root: chid (class 7)

सप्तधा (saptadhā) - into seven pieces (in seven ways, into seven parts)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā indicates 'in so many parts' or 'so many times'

Note: Adverb.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - brave one (brave, heroic, hero)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), mother of Arjuna.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शत्रुनिबर्हणः (śatrunibarhaṇaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrunibarhaṇa

śatrunibarhaṇa - destroyer of enemies, slayer of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+nibarhaṇa)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• nibarhaṇa – destroying, killing, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bṛh (to tear, slay) with upasarga ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bṛh (class 6)

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.