महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-13, verse-31

तमन्तकमिव क्रुद्धं परिघं प्रेक्ष्य पाण्डवः ।
अर्जुनस्त्वरितो जघ्ने पञ्चभिः सायकोत्तमैः ॥३१॥

31. tamantakamiva kruddhaṁ parighaṁ prekṣya pāṇḍavaḥ ,
arjunastvarito jaghne pañcabhiḥ sāyakottamaiḥ.

31. tam antakam iva kruddham parigham prekṣya pāṇḍavaḥ
arjunaḥ tvaritaḥ jaghne pañcabhiḥ sāyakottamaiḥ

31. pāṇḍavaḥ arjunaḥ tam antakam iva kruddham parigham
prekṣya tvaritaḥ pañcabhiḥ sāyakottamaiḥ jaghne

31. Having seen that iron club, enraged and resembling Death (Antaka) itself, Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu, swiftly struck it with five excellent arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (club) (that, him, it)

• अन्तकम् (antakam) - Death (Antaka) (the ender, destroyer, Death (Yama))

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

• परिघम् (parigham) - iron club (iron club, mace)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (having seen, having observed)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - son of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna) (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (swift, quick, hastened)

• जघ्ने (jaghne) - struck (struck, killed, slew)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five (by five, with five)

• सायकोत्तमैः (sāyakottamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows (with excellent arrows, with the best arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (club) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the 'parigham'.

अन्तकम् (antakam) - Death (Antaka) (the ender, destroyer, Death (Yama))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - one who makes an end, the terminator, Death, Yama

Root: ant

Note: In simile with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'parigham'.

परिघम् (parigham) - iron club (iron club, mace)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parigha

parigha - iron club, mace, bolt

Note: Object of 'prekṣya'.

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound action with 'jaghne'.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - son of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna) (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu, the father.

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a hero), white, clear

Note: Subject of the sentence.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (swift, quick, hastened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Arjunaḥ', describing his action.

जघ्ने (jaghne) - struck (struck, killed, slew)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

Root: han (class 2)

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five (by five, with five)

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'sāyakottamaiḥ'.

सायकोत्तमैः (sāyakottamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows (with excellent arrows, with the best arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyakottama

sāyakottama - best arrow, excellent arrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāyaka+uttama)

• sāyaka – arrow, missile
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Instrument of the action 'jaghne'.