महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-13, verse-37

सुरथं तु ततः क्रुद्धमापतन्तं महारथम् ।
चुकोप समरे द्रौणिर्दण्डाहत इवोरगः ॥३७॥

37. surathaṁ tu tataḥ kruddhamāpatantaṁ mahāratham ,
cukopa samare drauṇirdaṇḍāhata ivoragaḥ.

37. suratham tu tataḥ kruddham āpatantam mahāratham
cukopa samare drauṇiḥ daṇḍāhataḥ iva uragaḥ

37. tataḥ samare drauṇiḥ daṇḍāhataḥ uragaḥ iva
kruddham āpatantam mahāratham suratham tu cukopa

37. Then, Droni's son (Drauni) became enraged in battle, like a snake struck by a stick, when the great charioteer Suratha, enraged, came rushing towards him.

Words meanings summery:

• सुरथम् (suratham) - the warrior Suratha (Suratha)

• तु (tu) - but, then (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - rushing towards (rushing, attacking, falling upon)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior, commander)

• चुकोप (cukopa) - became enraged (he became angry, he was enraged)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni's son (Drauni) (Droni's son, Ashvatthama)

• दण्डाहतः (daṇḍāhataḥ) - struck by a stick (struck by a stick, beaten with a club)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• उरगः (uragaḥ) - a snake (snake, serpent)

Words meanings and morphology

सुरथम् (suratham) - the warrior Suratha (Suratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suratha

suratha - having a good chariot, good charioteer; proper noun: Suratha

तु (tu) - but, then (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root 'krudh' (to be angry) + suffix 'kta'

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'suratham'.

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - rushing towards (rushing, attacking, falling upon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, attacking, falling upon, coming down

Present Active Participle

From root 'pat' (to fall) with upasarga 'ā' (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'suratham'.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior, commander)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a powerful warrior, commander of many chariots

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car; warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'suratham'.

चुकोप (cukopa) - became enraged (he became angry, he was enraged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kup

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'drauṇiḥ'.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni's son (Drauni) (Droni's son, Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Ashvatthama

Patronymic from Droṇa

Note: Subject of 'cukopa'.

दण्डाहतः (daṇḍāhataḥ) - struck by a stick (struck by a stick, beaten with a club)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍāhata

daṇḍāhata - struck by a stick, beaten with a staff

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+āhata)

• daṇḍa – stick, staff, club, rod
  noun (masculine)
• āhata – struck, beaten, hit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'han' (to strike) with upasarga 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'uragaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

उरगः (uragaḥ) - a snake (snake, serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uraga

uraga - snake, serpent (literally 'chest-goer')