महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-67, verse-34

उपर्युपरि सैन्यानां तस्य शत्रोस्तदञ्जसा ।
शिरः कर्णस्य सोत्सेधमिषुः सोऽपाहरद्द्रुतम् ॥३४॥

34. uparyupari sainyānāṁ tasya śatrostadañjasā ,
śiraḥ karṇasya sotsedhamiṣuḥ so'pāharaddrutam.

34. upari upari sainyānām tasya śatroḥ tad añjasā
śiraḥ karṇasya sa-utsedham iṣuḥ saḥ apāharat drutam

34. tasya śatroḥ saḥ iṣuḥ añjasā drutam karṇasya
sa-utsedham śiraḥ upari upari sainyānām apāharat

34. That arrow of his enemy (Arjuna) swiftly carried off Karna's elevated head, high above the armies.

Words meanings summery:

• उपरि (upari) - above (above, upon, over)

• उपरि (upari) - above (above, upon, over)

• सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the soldiers)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Karna, implying his enemy) (of him, his, of that)

• शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy (Arjuna, for Karna) (of the enemy)

• तद् (tad) - then, thereupon (as an adverbial connector) (then, therefore, that)

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly, directly)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - Karna's head (head)

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

• स-उत्सेधम् (sa-utsedham) - with an upward movement (as it was carried off) (with elevation, with an upward movement)

• इषुः (iṣuḥ) - the arrow (arrow, dart)

• सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (that, he)

• अपाहरत् (apāharat) - carried away (Karna's head) (carried away, removed, took off)

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

Words meanings and morphology

उपरि (upari) - above (above, upon, over)

(indeclinable)

Note: Reduplicated for emphasis: 'higher and higher'.

उपरि (upari) - above (above, upon, over)

(indeclinable)

Note: Reduplicated form 'uparyupari' for 'very high above'.

सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the soldiers)

(noun)

Genitive, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host of soldiers, relating to an army

Note: Governed by 'uparyupari'.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Karna, implying his enemy) (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'śatroḥ'.

शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy (Arjuna, for Karna) (of the enemy)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Modifies 'iṣuḥ' (arrow of the enemy).

तद् (tad) - then, thereupon (as an adverbial connector) (then, therefore, that)

(indeclinable)

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly, directly)

(indeclinable)

from añj (to anoint, make clear)

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - Karna's head (head)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

Note: Object of 'apāharat'.

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper noun), ear

Note: Modifies 'śiraḥ'.

स-उत्सेधम् (sa-utsedham) - with an upward movement (as it was carried off) (with elevation, with an upward movement)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+utsedha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable prefix
• utsedha – elevation, rising, swelling, protuberance
  noun (masculine)
  from ut + sidh
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter form also functions as an adverb, describing how the head was carried.

इषुः (iṣuḥ) - the arrow (arrow, dart)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow, dart

Note: Subject of the verb 'apāharat'.

सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'iṣuḥ'.

अपाहरत् (apāharat) - carried away (Karna's head) (carried away, removed, took off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of hṛ

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

from root hṛ (to carry) with prefix apā + a (augment) + at (imperfect 3rd singular ending)

Prefix: apā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (often used adverbially)

from root dru (to run) + kta suffix

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.