महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-67, verse-3
यदा सभायां कौन्तेयमनक्षज्ञं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
अक्षज्ञः शकुनिर्जेता तदा धर्मः क्व ते गतः ॥३॥
अक्षज्ञः शकुनिर्जेता तदा धर्मः क्व ते गतः ॥३॥
3. yadā sabhāyāṁ kaunteyamanakṣajñaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram ,
akṣajñaḥ śakunirjetā tadā dharmaḥ kva te gataḥ.
akṣajñaḥ śakunirjetā tadā dharmaḥ kva te gataḥ.
3.
yadā sabhāyām kaunteyam an-akṣa-jñam yudhiṣṭhiram
akṣa-jñaḥ śakuniḥ jetā tadā dharmaḥ kva te gataḥ
akṣa-jñaḥ śakuniḥ jetā tadā dharmaḥ kva te gataḥ
3.
yadā sabhāyām an-akṣa-jñam kaunteyam yudhiṣṭhiram akṣa-jñaḥ śakuniḥ jetā [abhavat],
tadā te dharmaḥ kva gataḥ?
tadā te dharmaḥ kva gataḥ?
3.
When, in the assembly, Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī, who was unskilled in dice, was defeated by Śakuni, who was skilled in dice, then where had righteous conduct (dharma) gone for you?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदा (yadā) - when, at which time
- सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall
- कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (the son of Kuntī)
- अन्-अक्ष-ज्ञम् (an-akṣa-jñam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's inexperience in gambling. (unskilled in dice, not knowing dice)
- युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira
- अक्ष-ज्ञः (akṣa-jñaḥ) - Referring to Śakuni. (skilled in dice, knowing dice)
- शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni
- जेता (jetā) - The one who won the game of dice. (victor, conqueror)
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous conduct, duty, natural law
- क्व (kva) - where, whither
- ते (te) - Referring to Karṇa. (for you, to you)
- गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed
Words meanings and morphology
यदा (yadā) - when, at which time
(indeclinable)
सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā
sabhā - assembly, council, gambling hall
कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (the son of Kuntī)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya
kaunteya - son of Kuntī
Patronymic derived from Kuntī
अन्-अक्ष-ज्ञम् (an-akṣa-jñam) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's inexperience in gambling. (unskilled in dice, not knowing dice)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of an-akṣa-jña
an-akṣa-jña - not knowing dice, unskilled in gambling
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+akṣa+jña)
- an – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - akṣa – dice, game of dice
noun (masculine) - jña – knowing, acquainted with, skilled
adjective
Derived from root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Qualifies Yudhiṣṭhiram.
युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)
अक्ष-ज्ञः (akṣa-jñaḥ) - Referring to Śakuni. (skilled in dice, knowing dice)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣa-jña
akṣa-jña - knowing dice, skilled in gambling
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣa+jña)
- akṣa – dice, game of dice
noun (masculine) - jña – knowing, acquainted with, skilled
adjective
Derived from root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Qualifies Śakuniḥ.
शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni
śakuni - Śakuni (maternal uncle of Duryodhana, known for his skill in dice)
जेता (jetā) - The one who won the game of dice. (victor, conqueror)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jetṛ
jetṛ - victor, conqueror
agent noun
Derived from root ji (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1)
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous conduct, duty, natural law
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, righteous conduct, duty, intrinsic nature
क्व (kva) - where, whither
(indeclinable)
ते (te) - Referring to Karṇa. (for you, to you)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of tvad
tvad - you
गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gata
gata - gone, arrived, passed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Qualifies dharmaḥ.