महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-67, verse-16

अथ त्वरन्कर्णवधाय पाण्डवो महेन्द्रवज्रानलदण्डसंनिभम् ।
आदत्त पार्थोऽञ्जलिकं निषङ्गात्सहस्ररश्मेरिव रश्मिमुत्तमम् ॥१६॥

16. atha tvarankarṇavadhāya pāṇḍavo; mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṁnibham ,
ādatta pārtho'ñjalikaṁ niṣaṅgā;tsahasraraśmeriva raśmimuttamam.

16. atha tvaran karṇavadhāya pāṇḍavaḥ
mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṃnibham
ādatta pārthaḥ añjalikam niṣaṅgāt
sahasraraśmeḥ iva raśmim uttamam

16. atha karṇavadhāya tvaran pāṇḍavaḥ
pārthaḥ niṣaṅgāt
mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṃnibham sahasraraśmeḥ
uttamam raśmim iva añjalikam ādatta

16. Then, hastening to slay Karna, Partha (Arjuna) took from his quiver an excellent arrow called Añjalika. It resembled the thunderbolt of the great Indra and a fiery mace, shining like a supreme ray from the thousand-rayed sun.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• त्वरन् (tvaran) - hurrying, hastening

• कर्णवधाय (karṇavadhāya) - for the slaying of Karna, for killing Karna

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (the son of Pandu, Arjuna)

• महेन्द्रवज्रानलदण्डसंनिभम् (mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṁnibham) - resembling Indra's thunderbolt and a fiery mace

• आदत्त (ādatta) - took, grasped

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna)

• अञ्जलिकम् (añjalikam) - The Añjalika arrow (a specific, deadly arrow) (a specific type of arrow, an arrow for respectful salutation, or referring to the arrow named Añjalika)

• निषङ्गात् (niṣaṅgāt) - from the quiver

• सहस्ररश्मेः (sahasraraśmeḥ) - of the sun (of the thousand-rayed (sun))

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• रश्मिम् (raśmim) - a ray, a beam

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, highest

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

त्वरन् (tvaran) - hurrying, hastening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarat

tvarat - hurrying, hastening, quick

Present Active Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hurry) + śatṛ pratyaya

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: participle modifying Pāṇḍavaḥ

कर्णवधाय (karṇavadhāya) - for the slaying of Karna, for killing Karna

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of karṇavadha

karṇavadha - the slaying of Karna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+vadha)

• karṇa – Karna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – slaying, killing
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vadh' (to strike, kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (the son of Pandu, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Taddhita formation from Pandu

Note: Subject of the sentence along with Pārthaḥ

महेन्द्रवज्रानलदण्डसंनिभम् (mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṁnibham) - resembling Indra's thunderbolt and a fiery mace

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṃnibha

mahendravajrānaladaṇḍasaṁnibha - resembling the thunderbolt of Mahendra and a fiery rod

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+indra+vajra+anala+daṇḍa+saṃnibha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vajra – thunderbolt
  noun (neuter)
• anala – fire, fiery
  noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – rod, staff, mace
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – resembling, like
  adjective
  Prefix: sam

Note: Modifies "añjalikam"

आदत्त (ādatta) - took, grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of dā

Imperfect Middle 3rd Singular

From root 'dā' (to give), with upasarga 'ā' it means 'to take'

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Main verb of the sentence

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna

Taddhita formation from Pṛthā

Note: Subject of the sentence along with Pāṇḍavaḥ

अञ्जलिकम् (añjalikam) - The Añjalika arrow (a specific, deadly arrow) (a specific type of arrow, an arrow for respectful salutation, or referring to the arrow named Añjalika)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of añjalika

añjalika - a specific arrow, a small añjali (hollowed hands), a salutation arrow

Note: Object of 'ādatta'

निषङ्गात् (niṣaṅgāt) - from the quiver

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niṣaṅga

niṣaṅga - quiver, scabbard

Note: Source from which the arrow was taken

सहस्ररश्मेः (sahasraraśmeḥ) - of the sun (of the thousand-rayed (sun))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sahasraraśmi

sahasraraśmi - thousand-rayed, the sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sahasra+raśmi)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral
• raśmi – ray, beam
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, "of the sun"

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison

रश्मिम् (raśmim) - a ray, a beam

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raśmi

raśmi - ray, beam, rope, rein

Note: Object of comparison to the arrow

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, excellent, supreme, best

Note: Modifies "raśmim" and "añjalikam" (implied, by agreement in case/number)