महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-47, verse-26

तमाचार्योऽब्रवीत्कर्णं शनकैः प्रहसन्निव ।
अभेद्यमस्य कवचं युवा चाशुपराक्रमः ॥२६॥

26. tamācāryo'bravītkarṇaṁ śanakaiḥ prahasanniva ,
abhedyamasya kavacaṁ yuvā cāśuparākramaḥ.

26. tam ācāryaḥ abravīt karṇam śanakaiḥ prahasan
iva abhedyam asya kavacam yuvā ca āśuparākramaḥ

26. ācāryaḥ karṇam abravīt prahasan iva śanakaiḥ asya kavacam
abhedyam (asti) ca (saḥ) yuvā āśuparākramaḥ (asti)

26. The preceptor spoke to Karṇa, as if gently smiling: "His armor (kavaca) is impenetrable, and he is young and swift in valor."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Arjuna) (to him, him, that)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor Droṇa (preceptor, teacher, master)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gently, gradually

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• अभेद्यम् (abhedyam) - impenetrable, indivisible, not to be broken

• अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (his, of him)

• कवचम् (kavacam) - armor, breastplate

• युवा (yuvā) - young man, youth

• च (ca) - and, also

• आशुपराक्रमः (āśuparākramaḥ) - swiftly valorous, quick in valor

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Arjuna) (to him, him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor Droṇa (preceptor, teacher, master)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master

Formed from `ā` + `car` + `ṇyat` (agent noun).

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (aorist) (luṅ) of bru

Irregular strong stem in Aorist.

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: Derived from the root `bru` (to speak).

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gently, gradually

(indeclinable)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - smiling, laughing (present active participle)

present active participle

Formed from `pra` + `has` + `śatṛ`.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Modifies `ācāryaḥ`.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

अभेद्यम् (abhedyam) - impenetrable, indivisible, not to be broken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhedya

abhedya - impenetrable, indivisible, not to be broken

gerundive (potential passive participle)

Formed from `a` (negation) + root `bhid` + `yat` suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhedya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhedya – to be broken, divisible, penetrable
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive (potential passive participle)
  From root `bhid` + `yat` suffix
  Root: bhid (class 7)

अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

कवचम् (kavacam) - armor, breastplate

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kavaca

kavaca - armor, breastplate

युवा (yuvā) - young man, youth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young, youthful; a young man

Note: Here used as a noun meaning 'a young man'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आशुपराक्रमः (āśuparākramaḥ) - swiftly valorous, quick in valor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśuparākrama

āśuparākrama - swift in valor, quick in might; one whose valor is swift

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśu+parākrama)

• āśu – swift, quick; quickly, swiftly
  adjective
• parākrama – valor, might, strength, prowess
  noun (masculine)
  From `parā` + `kram`
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Describes Arjuna.