महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-47, verse-11

पिता तवाहवं त्यक्त्वा गतः कापुरुषो यथा ।
दिष्ट्या त्वमपि जानीषे योद्धुं न त्वद्य मोक्ष्यसे ॥११॥

11. pitā tavāhavaṁ tyaktvā gataḥ kāpuruṣo yathā ,
diṣṭyā tvamapi jānīṣe yoddhuṁ na tvadya mokṣyase.

11. pitā tava āhavam tyaktvā gataḥ kāpuruṣaḥ yathā |
diṣṭyā tvam api jānīṣe yoddhum na tu adya mokṣyase

11. tava pitā kāpuruṣaḥ yathā āhavam tyaktvā gataḥ diṣṭyā tvam api yoddhum jānīṣe,
tu adya na mokṣyase

11. "Your father, like a coward, abandoned the battle and fled. Fortunately, you also know how to fight, but today you will not escape (mokṣyase)."

Words meanings summery:

• पिता (pitā) - father

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• आहवम् (āhavam) - battle (battle, war, challenge)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

• गतः (gataḥ) - fled, went (gone, departed, reached)

• कापुरुषः (kāpuruṣaḥ) - coward (coward, contemptible man)

• यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, in which way)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, by good luck, by fate)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know (you know, you understand)

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, for fighting)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you will escape (you will be released, you will escape)

Words meanings and morphology

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

genitive singular form

आहवम् (āhavam) - battle (battle, war, challenge)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, challenge

From ā-√hve (to call, challenge)

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Object of tyaktvā.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root √tyaj (to abandon) + -tvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

गतः (gataḥ) - fled, went (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) + -ta suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'your father'.

कापुरुषः (kāpuruṣaḥ) - coward (coward, contemptible man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāpuruṣa

kāpuruṣa - coward, contemptible man, bad person

Compound: kā (bad/contemptible) + puruṣa (man)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kā+puruṣa)

• kā – bad, evil, contemptible (prefix)
  indeclinable
• puruṣa – man, male, person, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'father'.

यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, in which way)

(indeclinable)

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, by good luck, by fate)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial use.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

nominative singular form

Note: Subject of jānīṣe.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know (you know, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Middle

9th class, second person singular Middle

Root: jñā (class 9)

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, for fighting)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

From root √yudh (to fight) + -tum suffix

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

From idam + dyā (day)

मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you will escape (you will be released, you will escape)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of muc

Future Middle

From root √muc (to release) + -sya + -se (2nd person singular middle ending)

Root: muc (class 6)