महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-47, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
स कर्णं कर्णिना कर्णे पुनर्विव्याध फाल्गुनिः ।
शरैः पञ्चाशता चैनमविध्यत्कोपयन्भृशम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
sa karṇaṁ karṇinā karṇe punarvivyādha phālguniḥ ,
śaraiḥ pañcāśatā cainamavidhyatkopayanbhṛśam.

1. sa karṇam karṇinā karṇe punaḥ vivyādha phālguniḥ
śaraiḥ pañcāśatā ca enam avidhyat kopayan bhṛśam

1. punaḥ phālguniḥ sa karṇinā karṇam karṇe vivyādha
ca pañcāśatā śaraiḥ enam bhṛśam kopayan avidhyat

1. Then Abhimanyu, the son of Arjuna (Phalguni), again pierced Karna in the ear with a barbed arrow. And with fifty arrows, he pierced him, greatly enraging him.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Abhimanyu (he, that)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• कर्णिना (karṇinā) - with a winged arrow, with a barbed arrow

• कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• फाल्गुनिः (phālguniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Phalguna)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पञ्चाशता (pañcāśatā) - with fifty

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - Karna (him, this (one))

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced

• कोपयन् (kopayan) - greatly enraging him (enraging, causing anger)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Abhimanyu (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; also a proper name Karna

कर्णिना (karṇinā) - with a winged arrow, with a barbed arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇin

karṇin - having ears, winged (as an arrow), barbed

from karṇa (ear, wing) + -in (possessive suffix)

कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

फाल्गुनिः (phālguniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Phalguna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phālguni

phālguni - son of Phalguna (Arjuna)

patronymic from Phalgunī (Arjuna)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

पञ्चाशता (pañcāśatā) - with fifty

(numeral)

Note: As a numeral, 'pañcāśat' usually takes feminine endings when declined.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Karna (him, this (one))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Karna.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

कोपयन् (kopayan) - greatly enraging him (enraging, causing anger)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kup

kup - to be angry

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Causative stem kopay- from √kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Modifies the subject 'Phalguniḥ' (Abhimanyu).

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

(indeclinable)