महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-153, verse-4

स वार्ष्णेयवचः श्रुत्वा कर्णमुत्सृज्य वीर्यवान् ।
युयुधे राक्षसेन्द्रेण बकभ्रात्रा घटोत्कचः ।
तयोः सुतुमुलं युद्धं बभूव निशि रक्षसोः ॥४॥

4. sa vārṣṇeyavacaḥ śrutvā karṇamutsṛjya vīryavān ,
yuyudhe rākṣasendreṇa bakabhrātrā ghaṭotkacaḥ ,
tayoḥ sutumulaṁ yuddhaṁ babhūva niśi rakṣasoḥ.

4. sa vārṣṇeyavacaḥ śrutvā karṇam
utsṛjya vīryavān yuyudhe rākṣasendreṇa
bakabhrātrā ghaṭotkacaḥ tayoḥ
sutumulam yuddham babhūva niśi rakṣasoḥ

4. sa vīryavān ghaṭotkacaḥ vārṣṇeyavacaḥ
śrutvā karṇam utsṛjya rākṣasendreṇa
bakabhrātrā yuyudhe niśi tayoḥ
rakṣasoḥ sutumulam yuddham babhūva

4. That valorous Ghaṭotkaca, having heard Vārṣṇeya's (Krishna's) words and abandoning Karṇa, fought with the king of rākṣasas (rākṣasendra), who was the brother of Baka. Between those two rākṣasas, an extremely fierce battle (yuddha) took place that night.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that (one)

• वार्ष्णेयवचः (vārṣṇeyavacaḥ) - the words of Vārṣṇeya (Krishna)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful, heroic

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

• राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - with the king of rākṣasas

• बकभ्रात्रा (bakabhrātrā) - with the brother of Baka

• घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them two, between them two

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - extremely fierce, very tumultuous

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• बभूव (babhūva) - was, happened, occurred

• निशि (niśi) - at night, in the night

• रक्षसोः (rakṣasoḥ) - Refers to Ghaṭotkaca and the other king of rākṣasas. (of the two rākṣasas)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ghaṭotkaca.

वार्ष्णेयवचः (vārṣṇeyavacaḥ) - the words of Vārṣṇeya (Krishna)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vārṣṇeyavaca

vārṣṇeyavaca - words of Vārṣṇeya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vārṣṇeya+vacas)

• vārṣṇeya – descendant of Vṛṣṇi (an epithet of Krishna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, utterance
  noun (neuter)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from the root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (son of Sūrya and Kuntī, a great warrior)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from the root 'sṛj' with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, powerful, heroic, mighty

Possessive adjective formed with suffix '-vat'.

Note: Qualifies 'Ghaṭotkacaḥ'.

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of yudh

Perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) of root 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - with the king of rākṣasas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - king of rākṣasas, chief of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣas+indra)

• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (neuter)
• indra – king, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

बकभ्रात्रा (bakabhrātrā) - with the brother of Baka

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bakabhrātṛ

bakabhrātṛ - brother of Baka

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (baka+bhrātṛ)

• baka – Baka (a rākṣasa killed by Bhīma)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)

घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghaṭotkaca (son of Bhīma and Hidimbī)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them two, between them two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ghaṭotkaca and the Rākṣasendra.

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - extremely fierce, very tumultuous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very tumultuous, extremely fierce, greatly agitated

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'very' or 'good'.
• tumula – tumultuous, noisy, fierce, agitated
  adjective

Note: Qualifies 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat, war

बभूव (babhūva) - was, happened, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of babhūva

Perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

निशि (niśi) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

रक्षसोः (rakṣasoḥ) - Refers to Ghaṭotkaca and the other king of rākṣasas. (of the two rākṣasas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

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