महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-153, verse-30

तौ भिन्नगात्रौ प्रस्वेदं सुस्रुवाते जनाधिप ।
रुधिरं च महाकायावभिवृष्टाविवाचलौ ॥३०॥

30. tau bhinnagātrau prasvedaṁ susruvāte janādhipa ,
rudhiraṁ ca mahākāyāvabhivṛṣṭāvivācalau.

30. tau bhinnagātrau prasvedam susruvāte janādhipa
rudhiram ca mahākāyau abhivṛṣṭau iva acalau

30. janādhipa,
tau bhinnagātrau mahākāyau acalau iva abhivṛṣṭau [santaḥ] prasvedam rudhiram ca susruvāte

30. O lord of men, their bodies were torn, and sweat and blood streamed from those two gigantic figures, just as if they were two mountains deluged by rain.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two, they two

• भिन्नगात्रौ (bhinnagātrau) - with torn/broken bodies, wounded

• प्रस्वेदम् (prasvedam) - sweat, perspiration

• सुस्रुवाते (susruvāte) - they two streamed, flowed forth

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाकायौ (mahākāyau) - huge-bodied, large-bodied

• अभिवृष्टौ (abhivṛṣṭau) - rained upon, drenched

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अचलौ (acalau) - two mountains, immovable ones

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two, they two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भिन्नगात्रौ (bhinnagātrau) - with torn/broken bodies, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhinnagātra

bhinnagātra - having a broken/torn body

Compound. 'bhinnagātra' is a Bahuvrihi compound from 'bhinna' (PPP of √bhid) and 'gātra'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhinna+gātra)

• bhinna – broken, torn, split
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhid.
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• gātra – body, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

प्रस्वेदम् (prasvedam) - sweat, perspiration

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasveda

prasveda - sweat, perspiration

Note: Object of 'susruvāte'.

सुस्रुवाते (susruvāte) - they two streamed, flowed forth

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (liṭ) of √sru

Perfect middle, 3rd dual

Root √sru, reduplicated 'su'. The initial 'su' is part of the reduplication for the perfect tense.

Root: sru (class 1)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, ruler, king

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressee.

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood

Note: Object of 'susruvāte', co-ordinating with 'prasvedam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

particle

महाकायौ (mahākāyau) - huge-bodied, large-bodied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahākāya

mahākāya - huge-bodied, gigantic

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• kāya – body
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

अभिवृष्टौ (abhivṛṣṭau) - rained upon, drenched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhivṛṣṭa

abhivṛṣṭa - rained upon, deluged

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛṣ with upasarga abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'acalau' and implicitly with 'tau'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

अचलौ (acalau) - two mountains, immovable ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of acala

acala - mountain, immovable, fixed

From 'a' (negation) + 'cala' (moving).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, trembling
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Serves as the object of comparison for 'tau'.