महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-67, verse-37

नागराजोपमैर्हस्तैर्नागैराक्षिप्य संयुगे ।
व्यदृश्यन्त महाराज संभग्ना रथकूबराः ॥३७॥

37. nāgarājopamairhastairnāgairākṣipya saṁyuge ,
vyadṛśyanta mahārāja saṁbhagnā rathakūbarāḥ.

37. nāgarājopamaiḥ hastaiḥ nāgaiḥ ākṣipya saṃyuge
vyadṛśyanta mahārāja saṃbhagnāḥ rathakūbarāḥ

37. mahārāja,
saṃyuge nāgarājopamaiḥ hastaiḥ nāgaiḥ ākṣipya saṃbhagnāḥ rathakūbarāḥ vyadṛśyanta

37. O great king, in battle, chariot shafts, shattered and dragged away by elephants with trunks resembling those of mighty elephant kings, were seen.

Words meanings summery:

• नागराजोपमैः (nāgarājopamaiḥ) - (by trunks) resembling those of mighty elephant kings (by those resembling elephant kings, by those like great serpents)

• हस्तैः (hastaiḥ) - (by the) trunks (of elephants) (by hands, by trunks)

• नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (by elephants, by serpents)

• आक्षिप्य (ākṣipya) - having dragged away (by the elephants) (having dragged, having thrown, having torn apart)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in engagement

• व्यदृश्यन्त (vyadṛśyanta) - they were seen, they appeared

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - shattered, broken, crushed

• रथकूबराः (rathakūbarāḥ) - chariot poles, chariot shafts

Words meanings and morphology

नागराजोपमैः (nāgarājopamaiḥ) - (by trunks) resembling those of mighty elephant kings (by those resembling elephant kings, by those like great serpents)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nāgarājopama

nāgarājopama - resembling a king of elephants, like a great serpent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāgarāja+upama)

• nāgarāja – king of elephants, king of serpents
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, resemblance, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies `hastaiḥ`.

हस्तैः (hastaiḥ) - (by the) trunks (of elephants) (by hands, by trunks)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hasta

hasta - hand, arm, trunk of an elephant

Note: Instrument of action for `ākṣipya`.

नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (by elephants, by serpents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - elephant, serpent, mountain

Note: Agent of `ākṣipya`.

आक्षिप्य (ākṣipya) - having dragged away (by the elephants) (having dragged, having thrown, having torn apart)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

from root `kṣip` with prefix `ā`

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Expresses prior action to `vyadṛśyanta`.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in engagement

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat, engagement

Root: yuj (class 7)

व्यदृश्यन्त (vyadṛśyanta) - they were seen, they appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (Laṅ) of vi-dṛś

Imperfect Passive

from root `dṛś` with prefix `vi`

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The passive form indicates that the chariot shafts were the ones being seen.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - shattered, broken, crushed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhagna

saṁbhagna - broken, shattered, crushed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

from `sam-bhañj` (to break completely)

Prefix: sam

Root: bhañj (class 7)

रथकूबराः (rathakūbarāḥ) - chariot poles, chariot shafts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathakūbara

rathakūbara - chariot pole, chariot shaft

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+kūbara)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• kūbara – pole of a car or chariot, shaft
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `vyadṛśyanta`.