महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-67, verse-33
अदृश्यन्त ससूताश्च साश्वाः सरथयोधिनः ।
एकेन बलिना राजन्वारणेन हता रथाः ॥३३॥
एकेन बलिना राजन्वारणेन हता रथाः ॥३३॥
33. adṛśyanta sasūtāśca sāśvāḥ sarathayodhinaḥ ,
ekena balinā rājanvāraṇena hatā rathāḥ.
ekena balinā rājanvāraṇena hatā rathāḥ.
33.
adṛśyanta sa-sūtāḥ ca sa-aśvāḥ sa-ratha-yodhinaḥ
ekena balinā rājan vāraṇena hatāḥ rathāḥ
ekena balinā rājan vāraṇena hatāḥ rathāḥ
33.
sa-sūtāḥ ca sa-aśvāḥ sa-ratha-yodhinaḥ adṛśyanta
rājan ekena balinā vāraṇena rathāḥ hatāḥ
rājan ekena balinā vāraṇena rathāḥ hatāḥ
33.
Chariots, along with their charioteers, horses, and warriors, were seen. O King, chariots were destroyed by a single mighty elephant.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were seen, appeared
- स-सूताः (sa-sūtāḥ) - with charioteers
- च (ca) - and, also
- स-अश्वाः (sa-aśvāḥ) - with horses
- स-रथ-योधिनः (sa-ratha-yodhinaḥ) - with chariot-warriors, having warriors in chariots
- एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single
- बलिना (balinā) - by a strong, by a powerful
- राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)
- वारणेन (vāraṇena) - by an elephant (by an elephant, by a stopper)
- हताः (hatāḥ) - destroyed (struck, killed, destroyed)
- रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots
Words meanings and morphology
अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were seen, appeared
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś
Imperfect, 3rd Person Plural, Middle/Passive
Root dṛś in passive voice (śyan-vikaraṇa), with augment a- for imperfect.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: The implied subject are the sarathayodhinaḥ (chariot-warriors) or rathāḥ (chariots).
स-सूताः (sa-sūtāḥ) - with charioteers
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sasūta
sasūta - having charioteers, with charioteers
Prefix sa (with) + sūta (charioteer).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sūta)
- sa – with, together with, having
indeclinable - sūta – charioteer, driver, bard
noun (masculine)
From root sū (to impel).
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Refers to chariots or warriors implied by adṛśyanta.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
स-अश्वाः (sa-aśvāḥ) - with horses
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sāśva
sāśva - having horses, with horses
Prefix sa (with) + aśva (horse).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśva)
- sa – with, together with, having
indeclinable - aśva – horse
noun (masculine)
Root: aś (class 5)
Note: Refers to chariots or warriors implied by adṛśyanta.
स-रथ-योधिनः (sa-ratha-yodhinaḥ) - with chariot-warriors, having warriors in chariots
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarathayodhin
sarathayodhin - having chariot-warriors, with warriors in chariots
Prefix sa (with) + ratha (chariot) + yodhin (warrior). ratha-yodhin itself is a compound (tatpuruṣa).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ratha-yodhin)
- sa – with, together with, having
indeclinable - rathayodhin – chariot-warrior, fighter from a chariot
noun (masculine)
Compound of ratha (chariot) + yodhin (fighter) from root yudh.
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Refers to chariots or warriors implied by adṛśyanta.
एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single
(numeral)
Note: Agrees with vāraṇena.
बलिना (balinā) - by a strong, by a powerful
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of balin
balin - strong, powerful, mighty
Possessive suffix -in from bala (strength).
Note: Agrees with vāraṇena.
राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
N-stem noun.
Root: rāj (class 1)
वारणेन (vāraṇena) - by an elephant (by an elephant, by a stopper)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāraṇa
vāraṇa - elephant, warding off, protection, obstacle
From root vṛ (to cover, restrain).
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Agent of hatāḥ.
हताः (hatāḥ) - destroyed (struck, killed, destroyed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hata
hata - struck, killed, destroyed, harmed
Past Passive Participle
From root han (to strike/kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Predicate adjective agreeing with rathāḥ.
रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
From root ram (to delight) + tha suffix.
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Subject of the second clause.