महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-67, verse-15

हयारोहवराश्चैव तव पुत्रेण चोदिताः ।
चतुर्दश सहस्राणि सौबलं पर्यवारयन् ॥१५॥

15. hayārohavarāścaiva tava putreṇa coditāḥ ,
caturdaśa sahasrāṇi saubalaṁ paryavārayan.

15. hayārohavarāḥ ca eva tava putreṇa coditāḥ
caturdaśa sahasrāṇi saubalam paryavārayan

15. ca eva tava putreṇa coditāḥ caturdaśa
sahasrāṇi hayārohavarāḥ saubalam paryavārayan

15. And indeed, fourteen thousand excellent horse-riders, commanded by your son, surrounded Saubala (Śakuni).

Words meanings summery:

• हयारोहवराः (hayārohavarāḥ) - the best of the cavalry (excellent horse-riders, best cavalry)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (as an intensifier) (indeed, only, just, even)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your (singular))

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son)

• चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - ordered/commanded (by your son) (instigated, urged, ordered, prompted)

• चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands (of horse-riders) (thousands)

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Saubala (Śakuni) (Saubala (son of Subala), i.e., Śakuni)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded (they surrounded, they encompassed, they protected)

Words meanings and morphology

हयारोहवराः (hayārohavarāḥ) - the best of the cavalry (excellent horse-riders, best cavalry)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hayārohavara

hayārohavara - excellent horse-rider, best cavalry

compound of haya (horse), āroha (rider), and vara (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (haya+āroha+vara)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• āroha – rider, mounting
  noun (masculine)
  from ā-√ruh (to ascend, mount)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)
• vara – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of paryavārayan.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this group to the previous description of forces.

एव (eva) - indeed (as an intensifier) (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your (singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: 'Your' in the sense of possession (genitive).

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Agent for coditāḥ.

चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - ordered/commanded (by your son) (instigated, urged, ordered, prompted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of codita

codita - instigated, urged, ordered, prompted

Past Passive Participle

from causative of √cud (to impel, urge) + kta suffix

Root: cud (class 1)

Note: Agrees with hayārohavarāḥ.

चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

(numeral)

Note: Modifies sahasrāṇi.

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands (of horse-riders) (thousands)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Used as a collective noun, referring to 'thousands of' the horse-riders.

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Saubala (Śakuni) (Saubala (son of Subala), i.e., Śakuni)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (Śakuni)

patronymic from Subala

Note: Object of paryavārayan.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded (they surrounded, they encompassed, they protected)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryavāraya

Imperfect Active

Causative of pari-ava-√vṛ (to cover, encompass)

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The subject is caturdaśa sahasrāṇi hayārohavarāḥ.