महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-67, verse-34

गन्धहस्तिमदस्रावमाघ्राय बहवो रणे ।
संनिपाते बलौघानां वीतमाददिरे गजाः ॥३४॥

34. gandhahastimadasrāvamāghrāya bahavo raṇe ,
saṁnipāte balaughānāṁ vītamādadire gajāḥ.

34. gandha-hasti-mada-srāvam āghrāya bahavaḥ raṇe
saṃnipāte bala-oghānām vīta-madam adadire gajāḥ

34. raṇe gajāḥ gandha-hasti-mada-srāvam āghrāya
bala-oghānām saṃnipāte bahavaḥ vīta-madam adadire

34. Having smelled the ichor-flow of wild elephants, many elephants in battle, amidst the clash of forces, became devoid of rut.

Words meanings summery:

• गन्ध-हस्ति-मद-स्रावम् (gandha-hasti-mada-srāvam) - the potent scent of the ichor flowing from elephants in rut (the flow of ichor of wild elephants, the exudation of rut of musth elephants)

• आघ्राय (āghrāya) - having smelt, having sniffed

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (elephants) (many, numerous)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

• संनिपाते (saṁnipāte) - in the clash (of armies) (in the clash, in the encounter, in the confluence)

• बल-ओघानाम् (bala-oghānām) - of the opposing armies (of masses of forces, of torrents of troops)

• वीत-मदम् (vīta-madam) - losing their rut or aggressive frenzy (the state of being devoid of rut/intoxication)

• अददिरे (adadire) - they lost their rut/frenzy (they took, they received, they gave up (intransitively 'to lose'))

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

Words meanings and morphology

गन्ध-हस्ति-मद-स्रावम् (gandha-hasti-mada-srāvam) - the potent scent of the ichor flowing from elephants in rut (the flow of ichor of wild elephants, the exudation of rut of musth elephants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gandhahastimadasrāva

gandhahastimadasrāva - the flow of ichor of a musth elephant

Compound of gandha (smell) + hastin (elephant) + mada (ichor/rut) + srāva (flow/exudation). Gandhahastin often means a wild elephant or an elephant in rut due to its strong scent.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandhahastin+mada+srāva)

• gandhahastin – wild elephant, musth elephant (literally, fragrant elephant)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of gandha (smell) + hastin (elephant).
• mada – ichor, rut, intoxication, passion
  noun (masculine)
  From root mad (to be intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• srāva – flow, exudation, discharge
  noun (masculine)
  From root sru (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Object of āghrāya.

आघ्राय (āghrāya) - having smelt, having sniffed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix ā and suffix -(t)ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (elephants) (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

U-stem adjective.

Note: Agrees with gajāḥ.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root raṇ (to sound, to delight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

संनिपाते (saṁnipāte) - in the clash (of armies) (in the clash, in the encounter, in the confluence)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃnipāta

saṁnipāta - clash, encounter, fall together, confluence

From pat (to fall) with prefixes sam and ni.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

बल-ओघानाम् (bala-oghānām) - of the opposing armies (of masses of forces, of torrents of troops)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of balaugha

balaugha - mass of troops, torrent of forces

Compound of bala (force/army) + ogha (flood/mass).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+ogha)

• bala – strength, force, army, power
  noun (neuter)
  From root bal (to live, breathe).
  Root: bal (class 1)
• ogha – flood, current, mass, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  From vah (to carry) with o- prefix, or from ugh (to collect).
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Specifies whose clash (saṃnipāte).

वीत-मदम् (vīta-madam) - losing their rut or aggressive frenzy (the state of being devoid of rut/intoxication)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vītamada

vītamada - devoid of rut, free from intoxication/passion

Compound of vīta (gone, disappeared) + mada (rut, intoxication).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vīta+mada)

• vīta – gone, disappeared, passed, ceased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• mada – ichor, rut, intoxication, passion
  noun (masculine)
  From root mad (to be intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of adadire.

अददिरे (adadire) - they lost their rut/frenzy (they took, they received, they gave up (intransitively 'to lose'))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of dā

Imperfect, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

From root dā (to give) with prefix ā (ā-dā, to take/receive).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

From root gaj (to roar).

Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of adadire.