महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-33

यदेनं शरवर्षेण वारयामास पार्षतम् ।
न शशाक ततो गन्तुं बलवानपि संयुगे ॥३३॥

33. yadenaṁ śaravarṣeṇa vārayāmāsa pārṣatam ,
na śaśāka tato gantuṁ balavānapi saṁyuge.

33. yat enam śara-varṣeṇa vārayāmāsa pārṣatam
na śaśāka tataḥ gantum balavān api saṃyuge

33. yat enam śara-varṣeṇa pārṣatam vārayāmāsa [saḥ]
balavān api saṃyuge tataḥ gantum na śaśāka

33. (Drona) checked Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) with a shower of arrows, so that (Pārṣata), though powerful, was unable to advance from that spot in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that, which, because

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• शर-वर्षेण (śara-varṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows, with a shower of arrows

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he checked, he prevented, he warded off

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• न (na) - not

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

• अपि (api) - even, also, though

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that, which, because

(indeclinable)

Originally neuter nominative/accusative of 'yad'. Used as a conjunction here.

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (referring to what is near or just mentioned)

Demonstrative pronoun.

शर-वर्षेण (śara-varṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows, with a shower of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śara-varṣa

śara-varṣa - rain of arrows, shower of missiles

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, showering
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ

Note: Means by means of.

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he checked, he prevented, he warded off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vārayāmāsa

Periphrastic perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Formed from the causative stem of √vṛ (to cover, restrain) + auxiliary √kṛ with -ām.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject is Drona (implied).

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata (an epithet for Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Patronymic.

Note: Object of 'vārayāmāsa'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'śaśāka'.

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of śaśāka

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Reduplicated perfect form of root √śak.

Root: śak (class 5)

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tas' (ablative suffix).

Note: Modifies 'gantum'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to move

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of gantum

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty, forceful

From 'bala' (strength) + 'vat' (possessing) suffix.

अपि (api) - even, also, though

(indeclinable)

particle

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter, war

From sam (together) + √yuj (to join).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj

Note: Denotes location in battle.