महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-18

स च्छिन्नधन्वा समरे गदां गुर्वीं महायशाः ।
द्रोणाय प्रेषयामास गिरिसारमयीं बली ॥१८॥

18. sa cchinnadhanvā samare gadāṁ gurvīṁ mahāyaśāḥ ,
droṇāya preṣayāmāsa girisāramayīṁ balī.

18. saḥ chinnadhanvā samare gadām gurvīm mahāyaśāḥ
droṇāya preṣayām āsa girisāramayīm balī

18. saḥ balī mahāyaśāḥ samare chinnadhanvā
girisāramayīm gurvīm gadām droṇāya preṣayām āsa

18. He, the mighty and highly renowned Dhṛṣṭadyumna, whose bow had been shattered in battle, then hurled a heavy mace made of mountain-rock essence towards Droṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (he, that)

• छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - whose bow had been shattered (one whose bow is cut, with a shattered bow)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace

• गुर्वीम् (gurvīm) - heavy (heavy, weighty, great)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - highly renowned (highly renowned, glorious, famous)

• द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - towards Droṇa (to Droṇa, for Droṇa)

• प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - sent (part of compound verb) (causing to go, sending)

• आस (āsa) - did (auxiliary for preṣayām) (he was, he did)

• गिरिसारमयीम् (girisāramayīm) - made of mountain-rock essence (made of mountain essence, made of strong rock)

• बली (balī) - mighty (powerful, strong)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - whose bow had been shattered (one whose bow is cut, with a shattered bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - one whose bow is cut/broken

Compound type : bahuvrihi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken, severed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root chid (to cut)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: This is a Bahuvrihi compound: 'one who has a cut bow'.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

गदाम् (gadām) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

गुर्वीम् (gurvīm) - heavy (heavy, weighty, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gurvī

guru - heavy, weighty, great, venerable

Note: Agrees with gadām.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - highly renowned (highly renowned, glorious, famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - highly renowned, glorious, famous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - towards Droṇa (to Droṇa, for Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor and warrior)

प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - sent (part of compound verb) (causing to go, sending)

(noun)

of preṣaya

preṣaya - sending, causing to go

Derived from causative of pra-iṣ

Causative stem + -ām (verbal particle)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect preṣayām āsa

आस (āsa) - did (auxiliary for preṣayām) (he was, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of as

Perfect Active

Root as, Perfect, 3rd Person Singular

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for the periphrastic perfect preṣayām āsa

गिरिसारमयीम् (girisāramayīm) - made of mountain-rock essence (made of mountain essence, made of strong rock)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of girisāramayī

girisāramaya - made of mountain essence/rock

Derived from girisāra with suffix -maya (made of)

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+sāra+maya)

• giri – mountain
  noun (masculine)
• sāra – essence, strength, core
  noun (masculine)
• maya – made of, consisting of
  suffix

Note: Agrees with gadām.

बली (balī) - mighty (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty

Derived from bala (strength) with suffix -in

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.