महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-11

तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम धृष्टद्युम्नस्य पौरुषम् ।
यदेकः समरे वीरस्तस्थौ गिरिरिवाचलः ॥११॥

11. tatrādbhutamapaśyāma dhṛṣṭadyumnasya pauruṣam ,
yadekaḥ samare vīrastasthau giririvācalaḥ.

11. tatra adbhutam apaśyāma dhṛṣṭadyumnasya pauruṣam
yat ekaḥ samare vīraḥ tasthau giriḥ iva acalaḥ

11. tatra dhṛṣṭadyumnasya adbhutam pauruṣam apaśyāma
yat ekaḥ vīraḥ samare acalaḥ giriḥ iva tasthau

11. There, we witnessed Dhrishtadyumna's astonishing valor, as he, a solitary hero, stood unwavering in battle like an immovable mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, on the battlefield (there, in that place, then)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, amazing)

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we witnessed (we saw, we beheld, we perceived)

• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - Dhrishtadyumna's (of Dhrishtadyumna)

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor (manliness, valor, heroism, courage, human effort)

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that, which, because, in that)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary (one, single, alone, unique)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero (hero, warrior, brave man)

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - stood unwavering (stood, remained, stayed, was firm)

• गिरिः (giriḥ) - mountain (mountain, hill)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अचलः (acalaḥ) - immovable (immovable, steadfast, firm, a mountain (as noun))

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, on the battlefield (there, in that place, then)

(indeclinable)

Locative of demonstrative base ta, used adverbially

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, amazing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, amazing

Note: Object of 'apaśyāma'.

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we witnessed (we saw, we beheld, we perceived)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Active

1st person plural imperfect of root dṛś (which uses paśya- stem in present/imperfect tenses)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - Dhrishtadyumna's (of Dhrishtadyumna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna (a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata, son of Drupada)

Note: Possessive for 'pauruṣam'.

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor (manliness, valor, heroism, courage, human effort)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, valor, heroism, courage, human effort, virility

Derived from puruṣa

Note: Object of 'apaśyāma'.

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that, which, because, in that)

(conjunction)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary (one, single, alone, unique)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique, sole

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, conflict, war, fight

From sam- (together) + ṛ (to go)

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location of the action 'tasthau'.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero (hero, warrior, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Subject of 'tasthau'.

तस्थौ (tasthau) - stood unwavering (stood, remained, stayed, was firm)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sthā

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect of root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

गिरिः (giriḥ) - mountain (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Note: Part of the simile 'giririva'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

अचलः (acalaḥ) - immovable (immovable, steadfast, firm, a mountain (as noun))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, steadfast, firm, a mountain

Compound of 'a-' (negation) + 'cala' (moving)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+cala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cala – moving, trembling, fickle
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'cal' (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)