महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-28

स च्छिन्नधन्वा विरथो हताश्वो हतसारथिः ।
गदापाणिरवारोहत्ख्यापयन्पौरुषं महत् ॥२८॥

28. sa cchinnadhanvā viratho hatāśvo hatasārathiḥ ,
gadāpāṇiravārohatkhyāpayanpauruṣaṁ mahat.

28. saḥ cchinnadhanvā virathaḥ hatāśvaḥ hatasārathiḥ
gadāpāṇiḥ avārohat khyāpayan pauruṣam mahat

28. saḥ cchinnadhanvā virathaḥ hatāśvaḥ hatasārathiḥ
gadāpāṇiḥ mahat pauruṣam khyāpayan avārohat

28. He, whose bow was cut, who was without a chariot, whose horses were slain, and whose charioteer was killed, dismounted with a mace in hand, demonstrating great valor (pauruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• च्छिन्नधन्वा (cchinnadhanvā) - whose bow is cut/broken

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot, chariotless

• हताश्वः (hatāśvaḥ) - whose horses are slain

• हतसारथिः (hatasārathiḥ) - whose charioteer is slain

• गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - holding a mace in hand

• अवारोहत् (avārohat) - dismounted, descended

• ख्यापयन् (khyāpayan) - proclaiming, demonstrating, making known

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manliness, heroism

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च्छिन्नधन्वा (cchinnadhanvā) - whose bow is cut/broken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cchinnadhanvan

cchinnadhanvan - one whose bow is cut or broken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanus)

• chinna – cut, broken, severed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root chid (class 7)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)

विरथः (virathaḥ) - without a chariot, chariotless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariotless, deprived of a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, away, apart
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

हताश्वः (hatāśvaḥ) - whose horses are slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (class 2)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

हतसारथिः (hatasārathiḥ) - whose charioteer is slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatasārathi

hatasārathi - one whose charioteer is slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+sārathi)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (class 2)
  Root: han (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)

गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - holding a mace in hand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gadāpāṇi

gadāpāṇi - mace-handed, one who holds a mace in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

अवारोहत् (avārohat) - dismounted, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avārohat

Imperfect

Imperfect from root ruh (class 1) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

ख्यापयन् (khyāpayan) - proclaiming, demonstrating, making known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāpayat

khyāpayat - proclaiming, demonstrating, making known

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Present Active Participle from causative of root khyā (class 2)

Root: khyā (class 2)

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manliness, heroism

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, valor, heroism, virility

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important