महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-23

रुधिराक्तौ ततस्तौ तु शुशुभाते नरर्षभौ ।
वसन्तसमये राजन्पुष्पिताविव किंशुकौ ॥२३॥

23. rudhirāktau tatastau tu śuśubhāte nararṣabhau ,
vasantasamaye rājanpuṣpitāviva kiṁśukau.

23. rudhirāktau tataḥ tau tu śuśubhāte nararṣabhau
vasantasamaye rājan puṣpitau iva kiṃśukau

23. rājan tataḥ tu rudhirāktau tau nararṣabhau
vasantasamaye puṣpitau kiṃśukau iva śuśubhāte

23. O King, then those two best of men (nararṣabha), stained with blood, shone brightly like two palāśa (kiṃśuka) trees in bloom during springtime.

Words meanings summery:

• रुधिराक्तौ (rudhirāktau) - blood-stained

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तौ (tau) - those two

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• शुशुभाते (śuśubhāte) - they shone, they appeared splendid

• नरर्षभौ (nararṣabhau) - referring to two prominent warriors (two bulls among men, two best of men)

• वसन्तसमये (vasantasamaye) - in the time of spring, in springtime

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - flowering, in bloom, blossomed

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two palāśa trees

Words meanings and morphology

रुधिराक्तौ (rudhirāktau) - blood-stained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rudhirākta

rudhirākta - blood-stained, smeared with blood

Compound formed from rudhira (blood) and ākta (smeared, past passive participle of √añj).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+ākta)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ākta – smeared, anointed, stained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √añj (to anoint, smear).
  Root: añj (class 7)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronoun tad.

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

शुशुभाते (śuśubhāte) - they shone, they appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (liṭ) of śubh

Root: śubh (class 1)

नरर्षभौ (nararṣabhau) - referring to two prominent warriors (two bulls among men, two best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best of men, preeminent man

Compound of nara (man) and ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

वसन्तसमये (vasantasamaye) - in the time of spring, in springtime

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vasantasamaya

vasantasamaya - springtime, season of spring

Compound of vasanta (spring) and samaya (time, season).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasanta+samaya)

• vasanta – spring (season)
  noun (masculine)
• samaya – time, season, proper moment, convention
  noun (masculine)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - flowering, in bloom, blossomed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puṣpita

puṣpita - flowering, in bloom, adorned with flowers

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √puṣp (to flower, blossom).

Root: puṣp (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two palāśa trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kiṃśuka

kiṁśuka - palāśa tree (Butea monosperma), 'the parrot tree', known for its bright red/orange flowers