महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-19

सा गदा वेगवन्मुक्ता प्रायाद्द्रोणजिघांसया ।
तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम भारद्वाजस्य विक्रमम् ॥१९॥

19. sā gadā vegavanmuktā prāyāddroṇajighāṁsayā ,
tatrādbhutamapaśyāma bhāradvājasya vikramam.

19. sā gadā vegavat muktā prāyāt droṇajighāṃsayā
tatra adbhutam apaśyāma bhāradvājasya vikramam

19. sā vegavat muktā gadā droṇajighāṃsayā prāyāt
tatra bhāradvājasya adbhutam vikramam apaśyāma

19. That mace, released with great force, flew with the intent to kill Droṇa. There, we witnessed the astonishing valor (vikrama) of Bhāradvāja's son.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (mace) (that, she)

• गदा (gadā) - mace, club

• वेगवत् (vegavat) - with great force (swift, quick, forceful, rapidly)

• मुक्ता (muktā) - released (released, set free, abandoned)

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - went, flew (went, proceeded, approached)

• द्रोणजिघांसया (droṇajighāṁsayā) - with the intent to kill Droṇa (with the desire to kill Droṇa)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, astonishing, a marvel, a wonder)

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we witnessed (we saw)

• भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - of Bhāradvāja's son (referring to Droṇa) (of Bhāradvāja's son (Droṇa))

• विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor (valor, prowess, heroism, stride)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (mace) (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Pronominal adjective, referring to 'gadā'.

गदा (gadā) - mace, club

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

वेगवत् (vegavat) - with great force (swift, quick, forceful, rapidly)

(adjective)

feminine, singular of vegavat

vegavat - swift, quick, rapid, forceful, possessing speed/force

Note: Used adverbially here. The actual word form could be 'vegavat' (stem) or 'vegavatyā' if agreeing with gadā in instrumental, but 'vegavat' is often used as an adverb.

मुक्ता (muktā) - released (released, set free, abandoned)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mukta

muc - to release, to free, to abandon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'muc' with suffix '-ta'.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Past Passive Participle used adjectivally with 'gadā'.

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - went, flew (went, proceeded, approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prāyā

Imperfect 3rd person singular with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

द्रोणजिघांसया (droṇajighāṁsayā) - with the intent to kill Droṇa (with the desire to kill Droṇa)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of droṇajighāṃsā

droṇajighāṁsā - desire to kill Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+jighāṃsā)

• droṇa – Droṇa (proper name, a renowned warrior and guru)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jighāṃsā – desire to kill, bloodthirstiness
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  Derived from the desiderative stem of 'han' (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, astonishing, a marvel, a wonder)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, extraordinary, a marvel, a wonder

Note: Modifies 'vikramam'.

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we witnessed (we saw)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect 1st person plural. The root 'dṛś' takes the stem 'paśya' in present/imperfect tenses.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - of Bhāradvāja's son (referring to Droṇa) (of Bhāradvāja's son (Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - son of Bhāradvāja (an epithet for Droṇa)

Patronymic from 'Bhāradvāja'.

विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor (valor, prowess, heroism, stride)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrama

vikrama - valor, prowess, heroism, power, stride

From 'vi-' + root 'kram' (to step).

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)