महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-49, verse-13
तत उच्चुक्रुशुः सर्वे पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सह ।
धृष्टद्युम्नेन तत्कर्म कृतं दृष्ट्वा सुदुष्करम् ॥१३॥
धृष्टद्युम्नेन तत्कर्म कृतं दृष्ट्वा सुदुष्करम् ॥१३॥
13. tata uccukruśuḥ sarve pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnena tatkarma kṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā suduṣkaram.
dhṛṣṭadyumnena tatkarma kṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā suduṣkaram.
13.
tataḥ uccukruśuḥ sarve pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha
dhṛṣṭadyumnena tat karma kṛtam dṛṣṭvā suduṣkaram
dhṛṣṭadyumnena tat karma kṛtam dṛṣṭvā suduṣkaram
13.
tataḥ sarve pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha dhṛṣṭadyumnena
kṛtam tat suduṣkaram karma dṛṣṭvā uccukruśuḥ
kṛtam tat suduṣkaram karma dṛṣṭvā uccukruśuḥ
13.
Thereupon, all the Panchalas, together with the Pandavas, shouted loudly, having witnessed that extremely difficult feat (karma) accomplished by Dhrishtadyumna.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)
- उच्चुक्रुशुः (uccukruśuḥ) - they shouted loudly (they shouted, they cried out, they roared)
- सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)
- पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom))
- पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas (by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas)
- सह (saha) - together with (with, together with, accompanied by)
- धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhrishtadyumna
- तत् (tat) - that (referring to the deed) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
- कर्म (karma) - deed, feat (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual (karma))
- कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (done, made, performed, accomplished)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived, having beheld)
- सुदुşकरम् (suduşkaram) - extremely difficult (very difficult, very hard to do, impossible)
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)
(indeclinable)
Ablative of tad, used as an adverb.
उच्चुक्रुशुः (uccukruśuḥ) - they shouted loudly (they shouted, they cried out, they roared)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of ud-kruś
Perfect Active
3rd person plural perfect of root kruś (to cry, shout) with prefix ud (up, out)
Prefix: ud
Root: kruś (class 1)
सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, complete
पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla
pāñcāla - a native or king of Pañcāla, the Pañcāla people
Note: Subject of 'uccukruśuḥ'.
पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas (by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas)
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava prince
Note: Used with 'saha' (together with).
सह (saha) - together with (with, together with, accompanied by)
(indeclinable)
Preposition/postposition governing the instrumental case.
धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhrishtadyumna
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna (a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata, son of Drupada)
Note: Agent of the past passive participle 'kṛtam'.
तत् (tat) - that (referring to the deed) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Qualifies 'karma'.
कर्म (karma) - deed, feat (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual (karma))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, effect of action
From root kṛ (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (done, made, performed, accomplished)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle from root kṛ (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived, having beheld)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Absolutive (gerund) from root dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
सुदुşकरम् (suduşkaram) - extremely difficult (very difficult, very hard to do, impossible)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of suduşkara
suduşkara - very difficult, very hard to do, impossible to accomplish
Compound of 'su-' (intensive prefix, very) + 'duṣkara' (difficult to do)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+duṣkara)
- su – good, well, very, easily
indeclinable
Intensive prefix. - duṣkara – difficult to do, hard to perform
adjective (neuter)
From 'dus-' (bad, difficult) + root kṛ (to do)
Prefix: dus
Root: kṛ (class 8)