महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-89, verse-26

अकस्माद्द्विषसे राजञ्जन्मप्रभृति पाण्डवान् ।
प्रियानुवर्तिनो भ्रातॄन्सर्वैः समुदितान्गुणैः ॥२६॥

26. akasmāddviṣase rājañjanmaprabhṛti pāṇḍavān ,
priyānuvartino bhrātṝnsarvaiḥ samuditānguṇaiḥ.

26. akasmāt dviṣase rājan janmaprabhṛti pāṇḍavān
priyānuvartinaḥ bhrātṝn sarvaiḥ samuditān guṇaiḥ

26. O King, why do you, without cause, hate the Pāṇḍavas, your brothers, who, since their birth, have been agreeable and endowed with all virtues?

Words meanings summery:

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - causelessly, without reason

• द्विषसे (dviṣase) - you hate

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• जन्मप्रभृति (janmaprabhṛti) - from birth, since birth

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• प्रियानुवर्तिनः (priyānuvartinaḥ) - agreeable followers, those who follow what is dear

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

• समुदितान् (samuditān) - endowed with, possessed of

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by good qualities, by virtues

Words meanings and morphology

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - causelessly, without reason

(indeclinable)

From 'a' (not) and 'kasmāt' (from what cause), thus 'without cause'.

द्विषसे (dviṣase) - you hate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dviṣ

Root 'dviṣ' (cl. 2, `dveṣṭi`/`dviṣate`)

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

जन्मप्रभृति (janmaprabhṛti) - from birth, since birth

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'janman' (birth) and 'prabhṛti' (beginning from). Used as an indeclinable.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (janman+prabhṛti)

• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• prabhṛti – beginning, from, since
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + a (suffix for progeny)

प्रियानुवर्तिनः (priyānuvartinaḥ) - agreeable followers, those who follow what is dear

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of priyānuvartin

priyānuvartin - following what is dear or agreeable, obedient, compliant

Compound of 'priya' (dear/agreeable) and 'anuvartin' (following). Suffix -in.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+anuvartin)

• priya – dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• anuvartin – following, pursuing, compliant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'anu-vṛt' (to follow) with the agentive suffix '-in'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātṝn' and 'pāṇḍavān'.

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother, kinsman

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'guṇaiḥ'.

समुदितान् (samuditān) - endowed with, possessed of

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samudita

samudita - endowed with, possessed of, arisen, united

Past Passive Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān' and 'bhrātṝn'.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by good qualities, by virtues

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, excellence, attribute, strand