महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-22, verse-5

घर्मं शीतं क्षुत्पिपासे तथैव निद्रां तन्द्रीं क्रोधहर्षौ प्रमादम् ।
धृत्या चैव प्रज्ञया चाभिभूय धर्मार्थयोगान्प्रयतन्ति पार्थाः ॥५॥

5. gharmaṁ śītaṁ kṣutpipāse tathaiva; nidrāṁ tandrīṁ krodhaharṣau pramādam ,
dhṛtyā caiva prajñayā cābhibhūya; dharmārthayogānprayatanti pārthāḥ.

5. gharmaṃ śītaṃ kṣutpipāse tathā eva
nidrāṃ tandrīṃ krodhaharṣau pramādam
dhṛtyā ca eva prajñayā ca abhibhūya
dharmārthayogān prayatanti pārthāḥ

5. The sons of Pritha (Pārthas) overcome heat, cold, hunger, and thirst, and similarly sleep, lethargy, anger, joy, and heedlessness, through their steadfastness (dhṛti) and wisdom (prajñā). They strive to realize the proper application (yoga) of natural law (dharma) and purpose (artha).

Words meanings summery:

• घर्मं (gharmaṁ) - heat, summer heat, sweat

• शीतं (śītaṁ) - cold, coolness

• क्षुत्पिपासे (kṣutpipāse) - hunger and thirst

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• निद्रां (nidrāṁ) - sleep

• तन्द्रीं (tandrīṁ) - lethargy, indolence, weariness

• क्रोधहर्षौ (krodhaharṣau) - anger and joy

• प्रमादम् (pramādam) - heedlessness, carelessness, error

• धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by fortitude

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - by wisdom, by understanding

• च (ca) - and

• अभिभूय (abhibhūya) - having overcome, having vanquished

• धर्मार्थयोगान् (dharmārthayogān) - the applications of dharma and artha, the pursuits of dharma and artha

• प्रयतन्ति (prayatanti) - they strive, they endeavor, they exert themselves

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha, the Pandavas

Words meanings and morphology

घर्मं (gharmaṁ) - heat, summer heat, sweat

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gharma

gharma - heat, warmth, summer, sweat

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

शीतं (śītaṁ) - cold, coolness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śīta

śīta - cold, cool, chill, frigid

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

क्षुत्पिपासे (kṣutpipāse) - hunger and thirst

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of kṣutpipāsā

kṣutpipāsā - hunger and thirst (as a pair)

Dvanda compound of kṣudh (hunger) and pipāsā (thirst)

Compound type : dvandva (kṣudh+pipāsā)

• kṣudh – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• pipāsā – thirst, desire to drink
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun from √pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of difficulties.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with tathā for 'and similarly'.

निद्रां (nidrāṁ) - sleep

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber

Derived from ni + √drā (to sleep)

Prefix: ni

Root: drā (class 2)

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

तन्द्रीं (tandrīṁ) - lethargy, indolence, weariness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tandrī

tandrī - lethargy, sloth, weariness, indolence

Derived from √tan (to stretch, to extend)

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

क्रोधहर्षौ (krodhaharṣau) - anger and joy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of krodhaharṣa

krodhaharṣa - anger and joy (as a pair)

Dvanda compound of krodha (anger) and harṣa (joy)

Compound type : dvandva (krodha+harṣa)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √krudh (to be angry)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• harṣa – joy, delight, pleasure, elation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √hṛṣ (to be excited, glad)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

प्रमादम् (pramādam) - heedlessness, carelessness, error

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - heedlessness, carelessness, error, inadvertence

Derived from pra + √mad (to be exhilarated, neglect)

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of abhibhūya.

धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by steadfastness, by fortitude

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - steadfastness, firmness, fortitude, resolution, courage

Derived from √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Means by which they overcome.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Combined with ca for emphasis.

प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - by wisdom, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment

Derived from pra + √jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Means by which they overcome.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अभिभूय (abhibhūya) - having overcome, having vanquished

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

abhi + √bhū + lyap

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Absolutive.

धर्मार्थयोगान् (dharmārthayogān) - the applications of dharma and artha, the pursuits of dharma and artha

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharmārthayoga

dharmārthayoga - union of dharma and artha, proper application of dharma and artha

Compound of dharmārtha (dharma and artha) + yoga (union, application)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+yoga)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• yoga – union, application, effort, discipline, spiritual practice (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of prayatanti.

प्रयतन्ति (prayatanti) - they strive, they endeavor, they exert themselves

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pra-yat

pra + √yat

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: From √yat (class 1) with prefix pra.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna, any of the Pandavas

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix

Note: Subject of prayatanti.