महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-22, verse-23

अस्त्रं द्रोणादर्जुनाद्वासुदेवात्कृपाद्भीष्माद्येन कृतं शृणोमि ।
यं तं कार्ष्णिप्रतिमं प्राहुरेकं स सात्यकिः पाण्डवार्थे निविष्टः ॥२३॥

23. astraṁ droṇādarjunādvāsudevā;tkṛpādbhīṣmādyena kṛtaṁ śṛṇomi ,
yaṁ taṁ kārṣṇipratimaṁ prāhurekaṁ; sa sātyakiḥ pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭaḥ.

23. astram droṇāt arjunāt vāsudevāt
kṛpāt bhīṣmāt yena kṛtam śṛṇomi
yam tam kārṣṇipratimam prāhuḥ ekam
sa sātyakiḥ pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭaḥ

23. I hear that Sātyaki, who learned the missile art from Droṇa, Arjuna, Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), Kṛpa, and Bhīṣma, and whom they speak of as the one (hero) equal to Pradyumna (Kṛṣṇa's son), is now devoted to the cause of the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile art (weapon, missile)

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa

• अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - from Arjuna

• वासुदेवात् (vāsudevāt) - from Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

• कृपात् (kṛpāt) - from Kṛpa

• भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhīṣma

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - learned, acquired (done, performed)

• शृणोमि (śṛṇomi) - I hear

• यम् (yam) - whom

• तम् (tam) - him

• कार्ष्णिप्रतिमम् (kārṣṇipratimam) - equal to Kṛṣṇa's son (Pradyumna)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call, they speak

• एकम् (ekam) - the one hero (one, the only one, unique)

• स (sa) - he

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas

• निविष्टः (niviṣṭaḥ) - devoted to the cause (engaged, devoted, entered, established)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile art (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of kṛtam (was learned)

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa, a revered guru in the Mahābhārata

Note: Source of learning

अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - from Arjuna

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers

Note: Source of learning

वासुदेवात् (vāsudevāt) - from Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (Krishna), son of Vasudeva

Note: Source of learning

कृपात् (kṛpāt) - from Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa, a warrior and teacher in the Mahābhārata

Note: Source of learning

भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma, a revered elder and warrior in the Mahābhārata

Note: Source of learning

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Agent of kṛtam

कृतम् (kṛtam) - learned, acquired (done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for astram, implied 'was learned'.

शृणोमि (śṛṇomi) - I hear

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śṛ

Present Active Indicative

5th class verb, 1st person singular

Root: śṛ (class 5)

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Object of prāhuḥ

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of prāhuḥ

कार्ष्णिप्रतिमम् (kārṣṇipratimam) - equal to Kṛṣṇa's son (Pradyumna)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kārṣṇipratima

kārṣṇipratima - resembling Kṛṣṇa's son (Pradyumna), equal to Pradyumna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārṣṇi+pratima)

• kārṣṇi – son of Kṛṣṇa (Pradyumna)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Kṛṣṇa
• pratima – image, likeness, resembling
  adjective
  Prefix: prati
  Root: mā

Note: Qualifies yam/tam

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prahā

Present Active Indicative

Root brū (to speak) with pra, 3rd person plural (irregular form)

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

एकम् (ekam) - the one hero (one, the only one, unique)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Qualifies yam/tam

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular masculine

Note: Correlate to yena/yam

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki, a Vṛṣṇi hero and an ardent follower of Krishna

Note: Subject of the sentence

पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavārtha

pāṇḍavārtha - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas, Pāṇḍava's purpose

Locative of 'artha' used to express 'for the sake of'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+artha)

• pāṇḍava – son of Pāṇḍu, belonging to the Pāṇḍavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, object
  noun (masculine)

निविष्टः (niviṣṭaḥ) - devoted to the cause (engaged, devoted, entered, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - engaged, devoted, entered, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś (to enter) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for Sātyakiḥ