महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-22, verse-17

तेषां मध्ये वर्तमानस्तरस्वी धृष्टद्युम्नः पाण्डवानामिहैकः ।
सहामात्यः सोमकानां प्रबर्हः संत्यक्तात्मा पाण्डवानां जयाय ॥१७॥

17. teṣāṁ madhye vartamānastarasvī; dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pāṇḍavānāmihaikaḥ ,
sahāmātyaḥ somakānāṁ prabarhaḥ; saṁtyaktātmā pāṇḍavānāṁ jayāya.

17. teṣām madhye vartamānaḥ tarasvī
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pāṇḍavānām iha ekaḥ
saha amātyaḥ somakānām prabarhaḥ
sam tyakta ātman pāṇḍavānām jayāya

17. Among them, the swift Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who is present here as one of the Pāṇḍavas, accompanied by his counselors, the foremost of the Somakas, has completely sacrificed himself for the victory of the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, among, amidst

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - who is present (being, existing, present, current)

• तरस्वी (tarasvī) - swift, powerful, energetic

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• इह (iha) - in this situation, on this battlefield (here, in this world)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (of the Pāṇḍavas) (one, a single one)

• सह अमात्यः (saha amātyaḥ) - with his ministers, accompanied by counselors

• सोमकानाम् (somakānām) - of the Somakas

• प्रबर्हः (prabarhaḥ) - chief, foremost, excellent

• सम् त्यक्त आत्मन् (sam tyakta ātman) - has completely sacrificed himself (one who has completely abandoned his self/life)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• जयाय (jayāya) - for the victory (for victory, for conquest)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the various heroes mentioned.

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, among, amidst

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a preposition meaning 'among'.

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - who is present (being, existing, present, current)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, standing, current

Present middle participle

From √vṛt, present stem + śānac suffix

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तरस्वी (tarasvī) - swift, powerful, energetic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tarasvin

tarasvin - swift, energetic, powerful, quick

From taras (speed, force) + -vin suffix

Root: tṝ (class 1)

Note: Modifies `dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ`.

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, general of Pāṇḍava army)

Compound: Dhṛṣṭa (bold, fearless) + Dyumna (glory, splendor).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, fearless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhṛṣ
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth
  noun (neuter)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu with aṇ suffix.

Note: Partitive genitive with `ekaḥ`.

इह (iha) - in this situation, on this battlefield (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (of the Pāṇḍavas) (one, a single one)

(numeral)

सह अमात्यः (saha amātyaḥ) - with his ministers, accompanied by counselors

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāmātya

sahāmātya - accompanied by ministers/counselors

Compound: saha (with) + amātya (minister)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+amātya)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• amātya – minister, counselor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ`.

सोमकानाम् (somakānām) - of the Somakas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - name of a warrior clan (allies of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Partitive genitive with `prabarhaḥ`.

प्रबर्हः (prabarhaḥ) - chief, foremost, excellent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabarha

prabarha - chief, principal, excellent, foremost

From pra- + barha (best, choice part).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (pra+barha)

• pra – forth, forward, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• barha – feather, tuft, tail of peacock; excellent
  noun (masculine)

सम् त्यक्त आत्मन् (sam tyakta ātman) - has completely sacrificed himself (one who has completely abandoned his self/life)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtyaktātman

saṁtyaktātman - one whose self/life has been completely abandoned

Bahuvrīhi compound: sam (completely) + tyakta (abandoned) + ātman (self/life)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+tyakta+ātman)

• sam – together, completely, fully
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √tyaj
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, life
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu with aṇ suffix.

Note: Partitive genitive with `ekaḥ`.

जयाय (jayāya) - for the victory (for victory, for conquest)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From √ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.