महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-65, verse-13

पौर्णमासीमिव निशां राहुग्रस्तनिशाकराम् ।
पतिशोकाकुलां दीनां शुष्कस्रोतां नदीमिव ॥१३॥

13. paurṇamāsīmiva niśāṁ rāhugrastaniśākarām ,
patiśokākulāṁ dīnāṁ śuṣkasrotāṁ nadīmiva.

13. paurṇamāsīm iva niśām rāhugrastaniśākarām
patiśokākulām dīnām śuṣkasrotām nadīm iva

13. She was like a full moon night whose moon is eclipsed by Rāhu, and like a river with a dried-up stream, distressed and agitated by grief for her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• पौर्णमासीम् (paurṇamāsīm) - the full moon night

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• निशाम् (niśām) - night

• राहुग्रस्तनिशाकराम् (rāhugrastaniśākarām) - having its moon seized (eclipsed) by Rāhu

• पतिशोकाकुलाम् (patiśokākulām) - agitated/distressed by grief for her husband

• दीनाम् (dīnām) - distressed, miserable, wretched, dejected

• शुष्कस्रोताम् (śuṣkasrotām) - having a dried-up stream or bed

• नदीम् (nadīm) - a river

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

पौर्णमासीम् (paurṇamāsīm) - the full moon night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paurṇamāsī

paurṇamāsī - the day or night of the full moon

From `pūrṇamāsa` (full moon).

Note: Object of comparison with `iva`.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

From root `niś` (to settle down, to sleep).

Root: niś (class 1)

Note: Modifies `paurṇamāsīm`.

राहुग्रस्तनिशाकराम् (rāhugrastaniśākarām) - having its moon seized (eclipsed) by Rāhu

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rāhugrastaniśākarā

rāhugrastaniśākarā - (feminine) having its moon seized by Rāhu (eclipsed)

Compound adjective describing the state of the night.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rāhu+grasta+niśākara)

• rāhu – Rāhu (a mythical demon causing eclipses)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ruh (class 1)
• grasta – seized, swallowed, grasped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gras` (to swallow).
  Root: gras (class 1)
• niśākara – moon (literally 'night-maker')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound `niśā` (night) + `kara` (maker).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `niśām` or `paurṇamāsīm`.

पतिशोकाकुलाम् (patiśokākulām) - agitated/distressed by grief for her husband

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patiśokākulā

patiśokākulā - (feminine) distressed or agitated by sorrow for her husband

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pati+śoka+ākulā)

• pati – husband, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root `śuc` (to mourn, grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• ākulā – agitated, confused, distressed (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  From root `kul` (to gather) with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

दीनाम् (dīnām) - distressed, miserable, wretched, dejected

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīnā

dīnā - (feminine) distressed, miserable, dejected, poor

Past Passive Participle

From root `dai` (to be exhausted, miserable).

Root: dai (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

शुष्कस्रोताम् (śuṣkasrotām) - having a dried-up stream or bed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuṣkasrotā

śuṣkasrotā - (feminine) having a dried-up stream/bed

Compound adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuṣka+srotas)

• śuṣka – dry, withered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `śuṣ` (to dry).
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• srotas – stream, current, flow; source
  noun (neuter)
  From root `sru` (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `nadīm`.

नदीम् (nadīm) - a river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

From root `nad` (to flow, to roar).

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with `iva`.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)